Abstract
In this study the potential consequences of making a three or fourtrophic level system more complex by adding floral resources was studied in the laboratory for a range of plant nectar sources the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi and its hyperparasitoid Dendrocerus aphidum Parasitoids exposed to flowering buckwheat survived 45 times longer than those in the control (water only) and 34 times longer than those provided with phacelia alyssum or coriander Hyperarasitoids provided with buckwheat survived 56 times longer than those in the control and 35 times longer than those on the other flowering plants Buckwheat phacelia alyssum and coriander can therefore enhance the fitness of A ervi without benefiting its aphid host which does not feed on nectar However the fitness of the hyperparasitoid may increase relatively more than that of the parasitoid depending on the nectar source
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat increased Aphidius ervi survival 45 times over water.
- Taxon
- buckwheate0
- Treatment
- flowering buckwheate0
- Interactor
- Aphidius ervi
Aphidius ervit0other - Outcome
- survivede0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 45 timese0
- Comparator
- water onlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Parasitoids exposed to flowering buckwheat survived 45 times longer than those in the control (water only)”
t0“Aphidius ervi”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat increased Aphidius ervi survival 34 times over phacelia, alyssum or coriander.
- Taxon
- buckwheate1
- Treatment
- flowering buckwheate1
- Interactor
- Aphidius erviAphidius ervit0other
- Outcome
- survivede1
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 34 timese0
- Comparator
- phacelia alyssum or coriandere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“34 times longer than those provided with phacelia alyssum or coriander”
e1“Parasitoids exposed to flowering buckwheat survived”
t0“Aphidius ervi”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat increased Dendrocerus aphidum survival 56 times over water.
Verbatim
e0“Hyperarasitoids provided with buckwheat survived 56 times longer than those in the control”
t0“Dendrocerus aphidum”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat increased Dendrocerus aphidum survival 35 times over other flowering plants.
Verbatim
e0“Hyperarasitoids provided with buckwheat survived 56 times longer than those in the control and 35 times longer than those on the other flowering plants”
t0“Dendrocerus aphidum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that buckwheat, phacelia, alyssum and coriander can enhance A. ervi fitness without benefiting its aphid host.
- Taxon
- Buckwheate0
- Interactor
- A erviAphidius ervie0other
- Outcome
- enhance the fitness of A ervi without benefiting its aphid hoste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Buckwheat phacelia alyssum and coriander can therefore enhance the fitness of A ervi without benefiting its aphid host”
t0“Floral nectar”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors warn that hyperparasitoid fitness may increase relatively more than parasitoid fitness, depending on nectar source.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the fitness of the hyperparasitoid may increase relatively more than that of the parasitoid depending on the nectar source”
t0“Floral nectar”