Abstract
During surveys for the emerging tospoviruses Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) and Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV), virus-like necrosis of leaves, petioles and stems (Fig. 1), and necrotic rings or spots on fruits (Fig. 2) of fresh market tomato plants were observed in south (Miami-Dade County) and southeast (Palm Beach County) Florida beginning in October 2013. Incidence of plants with symptoms was generally less than 3% but in some fields was considerably higher. More than 1000 plants were rogued on a single farm in Miami-Dade County during the fall 2013 season. Total RNA was extracted from representative samples using a RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) and tested for TCSV, GRSV and Tomato spotted wilt virus by RT-PCR as previously described (Webster et al., 5). When no products were amplified, nine virus/viroid genera or groups, and an additional ten virus species including the ilarviruses Tobacco streak virus (TSV) and Tomato necrotic spot virus (ToNSV; Batuman et al., 2) were assayed by RT-PCR and/or DAS-ELISA (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN) all with negative results. Light microscopic examination for inclusion bodies revealed no known virus-induced structures. Symptomatic tomato plant tissue was used to mechanically inoculate tomato plants, and symptoms of leaf, petiole and stem necrosis similar to those observed in the original field samples developed in the inoculated tomato plants. Ultimately, a 412 bp fragment (GenBank Accession No. KP861233) was amplified from total RNA by RT-PCR using ilarvirus primers provided by Agdia, Inc. Sequence analysis indicated that the nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of the fragment were 68 to 80% and 67 to 83% identical, respectively, to RNA1 and the replicase protein 1a of subgroup 2 ilarviruses with considerably less identity to other previously reported subgroup 1 tomato-infecting ilarviruses including TSV (54% nt, 43% aa) and Parietaria mottle virus (49% nt, 46% aa; Galipienso et al., 3). Thus, primers were designed from conserved regions of available RNA3 sequences of subgroup 2 ilarviruses [Asparagus virus 2, Citrus leaf rugose virus, Citrus variegation virus, Elm mottle virus, Spinach latent virus and Tulare apple mosaic virus (TAMV)] and used to amplify the movement protein (MP) and coat protein (CP) genes. Sequence analysis showed that the MP and CP genes (KP861234 and KP861235) were most closely related to, but distinct from, TAMV at 79 and 83% identity, respectively. Deduced MP and CP aa sequences were 76 and 77% identical, respectively, to those of TAMV. These results indicate that the tomato symptoms initially observed in Florida in fall 2013, and subsequently in spring and fall 2014, are caused by a new subgroup 2 ilarvirus species, for which the name Tomato necrotic streak virus (TomNSV) is proposed. Potential TomNSV transmission by pollen, seed and/or insect vectors that may include thrips similar to other ilarviruses (Sdoodee & Teakle, 4; Aramburu et al., 1) is not currently known and requires additional research. The authors would like to thank Carrie Vanderspool, Jason Skaryd, Shelby Hanson and Rita Noel for their excellent technical assistance.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato plants displayed necrosis of leaves, petioles and stems and necrotic fruit rings or spots in Florida.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- leaves, petioles and stemse0
- Outcome
- virus-like necrosis of leaves, petioles and stemse0
- Setting
- Floridae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“virus-like necrosis of leaves, petioles and stems (Fig. 1), and necrotic rings or spots on fruits (Fig. 2) of fresh market tomato plants were observed in south (Miami-Dade County) and southeast (Palm Beach County) Florida beginning in October 2013”
Claim · model-written summary
Incidence of symptomatic tomato plants was generally below 3%, though higher in some fields.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Incidence of plants with symptomse0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Value
- 3%e0
- Qualifier
- in some fields was considerably highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incidence of plants with symptoms was generally less than 3% but in some fields was considerably higher”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
More than 1000 symptomatic tomato plants were removed on one Miami-Dade farm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- plants were roguede0
- Value
- More than 1000 plantse0
- Setting
- Miami-Dade Countye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More than 1000 plants were rogued on a single farm in Miami-Dade County during the fall 2013 season”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The surveyed tomato samples tested negative for the assayed viruses and viroids.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- negative resultse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nine virus/viroid genera or groups, and an additional ten virus species including the ilarviruses Tobacco streak virus (TSV) and Tomato necrotic spot virus (ToNSV; Batuman et al., 2) were assayed by RT-PCR and/or DAS-ELISA (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN) all with negative results”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical inoculation with symptomatic tomato tissue reproduced leaf, petiole and stem necrosis in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- mechanically inoculate tomato plantse0
- Outcome
- symptoms of leaf, petiole and stem necrosise0
- Comparator
- original field samplese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symptomatic tomato plant tissue was used to mechanically inoculate tomato plants, and symptoms of leaf, petiole and stem necrosis similar to those observed in the original field samples developed in the inoculated tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
An ilarvirus RNA fragment in symptomatic tomato was 68 to 80% identical in nucleotide sequence to subgroup 2 ilarviruses.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- subgroup 2 ilarvirusese0pathogen
- Outcome
- nucleotide (nt)e0
- Value
- 68 to 80%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of the fragment were 68 to 80% and 67 to 83% identical, respectively, to RNA1 and the replicase protein 1a of subgroup 2 ilarviruses”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The deduced amino acid sequence of the fragment was 67 to 83% identical to subgroup 2 ilarviruses.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- subgroup 2 ilarvirusese0pathogen
- Outcome
- deduced amino acid (aa) sequencese0
- Value
- 67 to 83%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of the fragment were 68 to 80% and 67 to 83% identical, respectively, to RNA1 and the replicase protein 1a of subgroup 2 ilarviruses”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus movement protein gene was 79% identical to Tulare apple mosaic virus.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TAMVTulare apple mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- MPe0
- Outcome
- identitye0
- Value
- 79e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MP and CP genes (KP861234 and KP861235) were most closely related to, but distinct from, TAMV at 79 and 83% identity, respectively”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus coat protein gene was 83% identical to Tulare apple mosaic virus.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TAMVTulare apple mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- CPe0
- Outcome
- identitye0
- Value
- 83%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MP and CP genes (KP861234 and KP861235) were most closely related to, but distinct from, TAMV at 79 and 83% identity, respectively”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus movement protein amino acid sequence was 76% identical to TAMV.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TAMVTulare apple mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- MPe0
- Outcome
- aa sequencese0
- Value
- 76e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deduced MP and CP aa sequences were 76 and 77% identical, respectively, to those of TAMV”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus coat protein amino acid sequence was 77% identical to TAMV.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TAMVTulare apple mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- CPe0
- Outcome
- aa sequencese0
- Value
- 77%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deduced MP and CP aa sequences were 76 and 77% identical, respectively, to those of TAMV”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The tomato necrotic streak disease was attributed to a new subgroup 2 ilarvirus named Tomato necrotic streak virus.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- Tomato necrotic streak virus (TomNSV)Tomato necrotic streak viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- tomato symptomse0
- Setting
- Floridae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato symptoms initially observed in Florida in fall 2013, and subsequently in spring and fall 2014, are caused by a new subgroup 2 ilarvirus species, for which the name Tomato necrotic streak virus (TomNSV) is proposed”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
129 papers in the same direction as this paper · 136 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 266 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.