Abstract
The Upper Midwest is one of the largest barley production areas in the USA. In this region, diseases can markedly reduce both the yield and quality of the crop. Molecular and classical breeding techniques are being employed to develop cultivars with resistance to five different diseases in the Minnesota barley improvement program. Stem rust and spot blotch have been successfully controlled for many years through the deployment of the major gene Rpg1 and a major effect QTL, respectively. A sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker developed from the sequence of Rpg1 has made marker-assisted selection (MAS) for stem rust resistance highly effective. The major QTL controlling durable adult plant spot blotch resistance was first identified in the Steptoe/Morex population. This QTL was completely suppressed in the Harrington/Morex and Dicktoo/Morex populations, highlighting the importance of genetic background for the expression of resistance. The onset of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in 1993 led to dramatic changes in the focus of the breeding program. Significant resources have been expended to develop populations for mapping resistance QTL and identify closely linked markers for MAS. This is a difficult challenge because FHB resistance is controlled by many QTL with small effects. Sources of resistance to net blotch and Septoria speckled leaf blotch (SSLB) have been identified in a number of barley accessions. These resistances are simply inherited and are being introgressed into elite lines via phenotypic and MAS. Continued progress toward multiple disease resistance will require efficient phenotypic screening, MAS, and utilization of discoveries in barley genomics to manage numerous resistance genes and desirable gene complexes assembled over decades of breeding.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Stem rust has long been controlled through Rpg1 deployment.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Interactor
- Stem ruste0pathogen
- Gene
- Rpg1e0
- Outcome
- Stem ruste0
- Direction
- controllede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Stem rust and spot blotch have been successfully controlled for many years through the deployment of the major gene Rpg1 and a major effect QTL, respectively.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Spot blotch has long been controlled through a major effect QTL.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Interactor
- spot blotche0pathogen
- Gene
- a major effect QTLe0
- Outcome
- spot blotche0
- Direction
- controllede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stem rust and spot blotch have been successfully controlled for many years through the deployment of the major gene Rpg1 and a major effect QTL, respectively.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
A SCAR marker derived from Rpg1 made marker-assisted selection for stem rust resistance highly effective.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- Rpg1e0
- Outcome
- marker-assisted selection (MAS) for stem rust resistancee0
- Value
- highly effectivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker developed from the sequence of Rpg1 has made marker-assisted selection (MAS) for stem rust resistance highly effective.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The durable adult plant spot blotch resistance QTL was identified in Steptoe/Morex.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Steptoe/Morex populatione0
- Gene
- major QTLe0
- Outcome
- durable adult plant spot blotch resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The major QTL controlling durable adult plant spot blotch resistance was first identified in the Steptoe/Morex population.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
That QTL was suppressed in Harrington/Morex and Dicktoo/Morex populations.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Harrington/Morex and Dicktoo/Morex populationse0
- Gene
- This QTLe0
- Outcome
- QTLe0
- Direction
- completely suppressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This QTL was completely suppressed in the Harrington/Morex and Dicktoo/Morex populations”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
FHB resistance is controlled by many small-effect QTL.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- many QTLe0
- Outcome
- FHB resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FHB resistance is controlled by many QTL with small effects.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistance sources for net blotch and SSLB were identified in barley accessions.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- barley accessionse0
- Outcome
- resistance to net blotch and Septoria speckled leaf blotch (SSLB)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sources of resistance to net blotch and Septoria speckled leaf blotch (SSLB) have been identified in a number of barley accessions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The net blotch and SSLB resistances are simply inherited.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- These resistancese0
- Qualifier
- simply inheritede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These resistances are simply inherited and are being introgressed into elite lines via phenotypic and MAS.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The resistances are being introgressed into elite lines by phenotypic and marker-assisted selection.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- elite linese0
- Outcome
- being introgressed into elite linese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These resistances are simply inherited and are being introgressed into elite lines via phenotypic and MAS.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Further multiple disease resistance breeding will require phenotypic screening, MAS and genomics discoveries.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- efficient phenotypic screening, MAS, and utilization of discoveries in barley genomicse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Continued progress toward multiple disease resistance will require efficient phenotypic screening, MAS, and utilization of discoveries in barley genomics”