Abstract
The phytotoxicity to green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) of the herbicides metolachlor, pendimethalin, cyanazine, acifluorfen, diflufenican, bentazone, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, and oxyfluorfen was investigated in 4 experiments on a black earth soil (clay content 40-60%) at Gatton Research Station in southern Queensland during 1990-91. Metolachlor was applied post-sowing and pre-emergence; up to 4 kg a.i./ha did not significantly (P>0.05) affect growth or yields, indicating a considerable safety margin for this herbicide when used at commercial rates. Pendimethalin did not cause significant crop damage when applied in the same manner at rates up to 2.7 kg a.i./ha. Acifluorfen and diflufenican were each applied at 3 or 4 weeks after sowing in 3 experiments. Sensitivity of the bean crop to acifluorfen varied: 0.5 kg a.i./ha did not significantly reduce bean growth or yield in 2 experiments, but 0.11 kg a.i./ha reduced yields by 20% in a third experiment. Application of 0.1-0.12 kg a.i./ha of diflufenican had no adverse effect on beans in 2 experiments, although significant damage was observed in an initial screening experiment. Bentazone applied 3 weeks after sowing had no significant effect on bean yield or growth in 1 experiment; in another, the maximum label rate of 0.96 kg a.i./ha significantly reduced bean growth and yield. Post-emergence application of cyanazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, or oxyfluorfen at rates required for acceptable weed control either killed the bean plants within a few days or resulted in complete yield loss. Levels of damage from these herbicides preclude their use in green beans. Although green beans showed some tolerance to postsowing, pre-emergence application of cyanazine, low rates of 0.75-1 kg a.i./ha reduced yields by 35%. Both metolachlor and pendimethalin appear suitable for pre-emergence use in green beans. Further work on factors affecting phytotoxicity of acifluorfen, diflufenican, and bentazone to green beans is required.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor up to 4 kg a.i./ha did not significantly affect bean growth or yield.
- Treatment
- Metolachlore0
- Outcome
- growth or yieldse0
- Direction
- did not significantlye0
- Value
- up to 4 kg a.i./hae0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Metolachlor was applied post-sowing and pre-emergence; up to 4 kg a.i./ha did not significantly (P>0.05) affect growth or yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin up to 2.7 kg a.i./ha caused no significant crop damage.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pendimethalin did not cause significant crop damage when applied in the same manner at rates up to 2.7 kg a.i./ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen at 0.5 kg a.i./ha did not significantly reduce bean growth or yield in two experiments.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- 0.5 kg a.i./hae0
- Outcome
- bean growth or yielde0
- Direction
- did not significantly reducee0
- Qualifier
- 2 experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“0.5 kg a.i./ha did not significantly reduce bean growth or yield in 2 experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen at 0.11 kg a.i./ha reduced bean yield 20% in a third experiment.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“0.11 kg a.i./ha reduced yields by 20% in a third experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Diflufenican at 0.1-0.12 kg a.i./ha had no adverse effect in two experiments.
- Taxon
- beanse0
- Treatment
- 0.1-0.12 kg a.i./ha of diflufenicane0
- Outcome
- adverse effecte0
- Direction
- no adverse effecte0
- Qualifier
- 2 experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of 0.1-0.12 kg a.i./ha of diflufenican had no adverse effect on beans in 2 experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Diflufenican caused significant damage in an initial screening experiment.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“significant damage was observed in an initial screening experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazone had no significant effect on bean growth or yield in one experiment.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- Bentazonee0
- Outcome
- bean yield or growthe0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
- Qualifier
- 1 experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Bentazone applied 3 weeks after sowing had no significant effect on bean yield or growth in 1 experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazone at 0.96 kg a.i./ha significantly reduced bean growth and yield in another experiment.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the maximum label rate of 0.96 kg a.i./ha significantly reduced bean growth and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanazine at weed-control rates killed bean plants or caused complete yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Post-emergence application of cyanazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, or oxyfluorfen at rates required for acceptable weed control either killed the bean plants within a few days or resulted in complete yield loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin at weed-control rates killed bean plants or caused complete yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Post-emergence application of cyanazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, or oxyfluorfen at rates required for acceptable weed control either killed the bean plants within a few days or resulted in complete yield loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
Prometryn at weed-control rates killed bean plants or caused complete yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Post-emergence application of cyanazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, or oxyfluorfen at rates required for acceptable weed control either killed the bean plants within a few days or resulted in complete yield loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
Terbutryn at weed-control rates killed bean plants or caused complete yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Post-emergence application of cyanazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, or oxyfluorfen at rates required for acceptable weed control either killed the bean plants within a few days or resulted in complete yield loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methabenzthiazuron at weed-control rates killed bean plants or caused complete yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Post-emergence application of cyanazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, or oxyfluorfen at rates required for acceptable weed control either killed the bean plants within a few days or resulted in complete yield loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen at weed-control rates killed bean plants or caused complete yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Post-emergence application of cyanazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryn, methabenzthiazuron, or oxyfluorfen at rates required for acceptable weed control either killed the bean plants within a few days or resulted in complete yield loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence cyanazine at 0.75-1 kg a.i./ha reduced bean yield 35%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“low rates of 0.75-1 kg a.i./ha reduced yields by 35%”
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor is suitable for pre-emergence use in green beans.
Verbatim
e0“Both metolachlor and pendimethalin appear suitable for pre-emergence use in green beans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin is suitable for pre-emergence use in green beans.
Verbatim
e0“Both metolachlor and pendimethalin appear suitable for pre-emergence use in green beans.”
The same questions in other papers
bentazone · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →metribuzin · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.