Abstract
In 1995 and 1996, flea beetles (Phyllotreta cruciferae) were observed in the field feeding on cabbage plants that were infected with Alternaria brassicicola. Flea beetles were captured in glass vials, etherized, and placed on agar media for isolation of A. brassicicola. In 1995, A. brassicicola was isolated from 13 out of 69 (18.8%) flea beetles in the first test and 38 out of 132 (28.8%) in the second test. In 1996, flea beetles were collected nine times during the growing season, and the isolation frequency increased from 0 to 77% as the crop approached maturity. In another study, flea beetles were collected from a field of A. brassicicola-infected cabbage, enclosed in plastic bags containing potted healthy cabbage plants, and then placed on a shaded greenhouse bench for 6 days. Alternaria leaf spot developed on plants that were infested with the contaminated flea beetles. Feces obtained from flea beetles that fed on cabbage infected with A. brassicicola contained intact and broken conidia of A. brassicicola and undigested pieces of cabbage leaf. The conidia were viable after passing through the flea beetles, as evidenced by their germination on the glass slides used for collecting the feces. Conidia of A. brassicicola were observed by scanning electron microscopy on all parts of flea beetle bodies, including wings, mouthparts, antennae, and legs.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
A. brassicicola was isolated from 18.8% of flea beetles in the first 1995 test.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatat0 - Interactor
- A. brassicicola
Alternaria brassicicolae0pathogen - Outcome
- A. brassicicola was isolated frome0
- Value
- 18.8%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1995, A. brassicicola was isolated from 13 out of 69 (18.8%) flea beetles in the first test and 38 out of 132 (28.8%) in the second test.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
A. brassicicola was isolated from 28.8% of flea beetles in the second 1995 test.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Interactor
- A. brassicicolaAlternaria brassicicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- A. brassicicola was isolated frome0
- Value
- 28.8%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1995, A. brassicicola was isolated from 13 out of 69 (18.8%) flea beetles in the first test and 38 out of 132 (28.8%) in the second test.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
The beetle isolation frequency rose from 0 to 77% as cabbage approached maturity in 1996.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Organ / stage
- maturitye0
- Outcome
- isolation frequencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 77%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the isolation frequency increased from 0 to 77% as the crop approached maturity.”
t0“Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternaria leaf spot developed on healthy cabbage exposed to contaminated flea beetles.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Treatment
- infested with the contaminated flea beetlese0
- Interactor
- Alternaria brassicicolaAlternaria brassicicolat1pathogen
- Outcome
- Alternaria leaf spot developede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alternaria leaf spot developed on plants that were infested with the contaminated flea beetles.”
t0“Cabbage”
t1“Alternaria brassicicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Flea beetle feces contained pathogen conidia and undigested cabbage leaf fragments.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Interactor
- A. brassicicolaAlternaria brassicicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- intact and broken conidia of A. brassicicola and undigested pieces of cabbage leafe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feces obtained from flea beetles that fed on cabbage infected with A. brassicicola contained intact and broken conidia of A. brassicicola and undigested pieces of cabbage leaf.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen conidia remained viable after passage through flea beetles.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Interactor
- Alternaria brassicicolaAlternaria brassicicolat1pathogen
- Outcome
- conidia were viable after passing through the flea beetlese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The conidia were viable after passing through the flea beetles, as evidenced by their germination on the glass slides used for collecting the feces.”
t0“Cabbage”
t1“Alternaria brassicicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen conidia were observed on all parts of flea beetle bodies.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Interactor
- A. brassicicolaAlternaria brassicicolae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- flea beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- Conidia of A. brassicicola were observede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conidia of A. brassicicola were observed by scanning electron microscopy on all parts of flea beetle bodies, including wings, mouthparts, antennae, and legs.”
t0“Cabbage”
The same questions in other papers
infection · Alternaria brassicicola · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.