Abstract
The world-renowned Białowieża National Park (BNP) in Poland has long been the object of research that provides information on the status and development of the entire, relatively large area of well-preserved lowland forest. For that reason, the aim of the work presented here was to characterize the current structure and dynamics of natural forests in Strict Reserve of BNP (SR-BNP), which covers 4584 ha. The research material encompassed the results of measurements on 460 temporary and 160 permanent sample plots. Results revealed an increase in the level of regeneration, whereas the standing volume is seen to have decreased slightly. Changes occurred in volume of certain tree species, as well as in proportions in given size classes they accounted for. The most marked increase was noted for Carpinus betulus, followed by Alnus glutinosa, Tilia cordata, Betula spp., Acer platanoides and Pinus sylvestris. Only in the case of Picea abies was a significant decrease noted. A decline of P. abies, mainly due to Ips typographus infestation, was revealed. Currently, only 6 of the 17 species of trees growing in the SR-BNP included specimens that were growing from the regeneration layer into the overstorey in more significant numbers. Due to a reduction of species diversity in ingrowth, a gradual depletion of species richness in the SR-BNP stands should be anticipated.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Regeneration of tree species in the Strict Reserve increased.
Verbatim
e0“Changes occurred in volume of certain tree species”
e1“Results revealed an increase in the level of regeneration”
Claim · model-written summary
Standing volume decreased slightly.
Verbatim
e0“Changes occurred in volume of certain tree species”
e1“the standing volume is seen to have decreased slightly”
Claim · model-written summary
Carpinus betulus showed the most marked increase in volume.
- Taxon
- Carpinus betulus
Carpinus betuluse1 - Outcome
- volumee0
- Direction
- most marked increasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes occurred in volume of certain tree species”
e1“The most marked increase was noted for Carpinus betulus”
Claim · model-written summary
Alnus glutinosa, Tilia cordata and Betula spp. increased in volume after Carpinus betulus.
- Taxon
- Alnus glutinosa, Tilia cordata, Betula spp.
Betula.jpg?width=60)
Alnus glutinosa
Tilia cordatae1 - Outcome
- volumee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Changes occurred in volume of certain tree species”
e1“followed by Alnus glutinosa, Tilia cordata, Betula spp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Acer platanoides and Pinus sylvestris increased in volume after the earlier species.
- Taxon
- Acer platanoides and Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestris
Acer platanoidese1 - Outcome
- volumee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes occurred in volume of certain tree species”
e1“followed by Alnus glutinosa, Tilia cordata, Betula spp., Acer platanoides and Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Picea abies showed a significant decrease.
- Taxon
- Picea abies
Picea abiese0 - Outcome
- significant decrease notede0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only in the case of Picea abies was a significant decrease noted”
Claim · model-written summary
The decline of Picea abies was mainly due to Ips typographus infestation.
- Taxon
- P. abiesPicea abiese0
- Interactor
- Ips typographus
.jpg?width=60)
Ips typographuse0pest - Outcome
- declinee0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- mainly due toe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A decline of P. abies, mainly due to Ips typographus infestation, was revealed”
Claim · model-written summary
Only 6 of the 17 tree species had specimens growing from the regeneration layer into the overstorey in significant numbers.
Verbatim
e0“only 6 of the 17 species of trees growing in the SR-BNP included specimens that were growing from the regeneration layer into the overstorey in more significant numbers”
Claim · model-written summary
A gradual depletion of species richness in the Strict Reserve stands should be anticipated.
Verbatim
e0“Due to a reduction of species diversity in ingrowth, a gradual depletion of species richness in the SR-BNP stands should be anticipated”
e1“17 species of trees”