Paper · 2005 · Biotropica

Factors Affecting Mortality and Resistance to Damage Following Hurricanes in a Rehabilitated Subtropical Moist Forest1

Rebecca Ostertag; Whendee L. Silver; Ariel E. Lugo

9
claims
15
verbatim quotes
112
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

ABSTRACT The ability to resist hurricane damage is a property of both individuals and communities, and can have strong effects on the structure and function of many tropical forests. We examined the relative importance of tree size, species, biogeographic origin, local topography, and damage from previous storms in long‐term permanent plots in a rehabilitated subtropical moist forest in Puerto Rico following Hurricane Georges in order to better predict patterns of resistance. Severe damage included uprooted trees, snapped stems, or crowns with greater than 50 percent branch loss. Hurricane induced mortality after 21 mo was 5.2 percent/yr, more than seven times higher than background mortality levels during the nonhurricane periods. Species differed greatly in their mortality and damage patterns, but there was no relationship between damage and wood density or biogeographic origin. Rather, damage for a given species was correlated with mean annual increment, with faster growing species experiencing greater damage, suggesting that growth rate may reflect a variety of life history tradeoffs. Size was also predictive of damage, with larger trees suffering more damage. Trees on ridges and in valleys received greater damage than trees on slopes. A strong relationship was noted between previous hurricane damage and present structural damage, which could not solely be explained by the patterns with size and species. We suggest that resistance of trees to hurricane damage is therefore not only correlated with individual and species characteristics but also with past disturbance history, which suggests that in interpreting the effects of hurricanes on forest structure, individual storms cannot be treated as discrete, independent events.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hurricane mortality was 5.2 percent per year after 21 months, over seven times background mortality.

Taxon
treest0
Outcome
Hurricane induced mortalitye0
Direction
highere0
Value
5.2 percent/yre0
Qualifier
more than seven timese0
Comparator
background mortality levels during the nonhurricane periodse0

Verbatim

e0

“Hurricane induced mortality after 21 mo was 5.2 percent/yr, more than seven times higher than background mortality levels during the nonhurricane periods”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 587–740 · show in text ↑
t0

“uprooted trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 504–518 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tree species differed greatly in mortality and damage.

Taxon
treest0
Material
Speciese0
Outcome
mortality and damage patternse0
Direction
differed greatlye0

Verbatim

e0

“Species differed greatly in their mortality and damage patterns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 742–805 · show in text ↑
t0

“uprooted trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 504–518 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tree damage had no relationship with wood density.

Taxon
treest0
Outcome
damagee0
Direction
no relationshipe0
Comparator
wood densitye0

Verbatim

e0

“there was no relationship between damage and wood density or biogeographic origin”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 811–892 · show in text ↑
t0

“uprooted trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 504–518 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tree damage had no relationship with biogeographic origin.

Taxon
treest0
Outcome
damagee0
Direction
no relationshipe0
Comparator
biogeographic origine0

Verbatim

e0

“there was no relationship between damage and wood density or biogeographic origin”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 811–892 · show in text ↑
t0

“uprooted trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 504–518 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Faster-growing tree species had greater hurricane damage.

Taxon
treest0
Outcome
damagee0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
mean annual incremente0

Verbatim

e0

“damage for a given species was correlated with mean annual increment, with faster growing species experiencing greater damage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 902–1027 · show in text ↑
t0

“uprooted trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 504–518 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Larger trees suffered more hurricane damage.

Taxon
treese0
Outcome
damagee0
Direction
moree0
Comparator
larger treese0

Verbatim

e0

“larger trees suffering more damage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1147–1181 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trees on ridges received more damage than trees on slopes.

Taxon
Treese0
Outcome
damagee0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
trees on slopese0
Setting
ridgese0

Verbatim

e0

“Trees on ridges and in valleys received greater damage than trees on slopes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1183–1258 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trees in valleys received more damage than trees on slopes.

Taxon
Treese0
Outcome
damagee0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
trees on slopese0
Setting
valleyse0

Verbatim

e0

“Trees on ridges and in valleys received greater damage than trees on slopes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1183–1258 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Previous hurricane damage was strongly related to current structural damage.

Taxon
treest0
Outcome
present structural damagee0
Comparator
previous hurricane damagee0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“A strong relationship was noted between previous hurricane damage and present structural damage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1260–1355 · show in text ↑
t0

“uprooted trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 504–518 · show in text ↑