Abstract
The dry matter production (DM) and seed yield of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. cv. Daliak) were reduced by infestations of redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor Tucker) and blue-green aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji) during spring growth, flowering and burr burial. The dominance of these pests varied with season. The effects of spraying with insecticides on the DM and seed yield responses to superphosphate and potassium chloride fertilisers were measured. Responses to superphosphate were described by Mitscherlich functions for each of 3 levels of potassium chloride, except for seed yields with pest sprays. At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloride, controlling pests increased DM by up to 150% (from 4.37 to 6.52 t/ha). For all levels of superphosphate, spraying to control pests where no potassium chloride was applied significantly increased DM over that on unsprayed plots that were fertilised with potassium chloride. The maximum DM response to superphosphate application was achieved at 15-20 kg P/ha. With optimum superphosphate, the value for DM depended on the combination of spraying for pests and amount of potassium chloride applied, generating a series of Mitscherlich response curves for superphosphate application with differing maximum yields. With optimum superphosphate applied, the least DM recorded within a season was 3.47 t/ha (pests not sprayed, nil potassium chloride), and the most was 6.52 t/ha (pests sprayed, 120 kg potassium chloride/ha), an increase of about 180%. At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloride, controlling pests increased seed yield by up to 380% (from 290 to 1100 kg/ha). With optimum superphosphate, seed yield within a season ranged from 210 (pests not sprayed, nil potassium chloride) to 1100 kg/ha (pests sprayed, 120 kg potassium chloride/ha), an increase of 524%. With pests sprayed, seed yield declined with superphosphate applications >20 kg P/ha; the relationship was best described by a quadratic function. With pests not sprayed, seed yield did not decline with increasing amounts of superphosphate, and the relationship fitted a Mitscherlich function.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter production and seed yield of subterranean clover cv. Daliak were reduced by infestations of redlegged earth mite and blue-green aphid.
- Taxon
- subterranean clover
Trifolium subterraneume0 - Material
- Daliake0
- Treatment
- infestationse0
- Interactor
- redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor Tucker)
Halotydeus destructore0pest - Second interactor
- blue-green aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji)
Acyrthosiphon kondoie0pest - Outcome
- dry matter production (DM) and seed yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry matter production (DM) and seed yield of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. cv. Daliak) were reduced by infestations of redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor Tucker) and blue-green aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji)”
Claim · model-written summary
At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloride, controlling pests increased dry matter by up to 150% (from 4.37 to 6.52 t/ha).
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- controlling pestse0
- Outcome
- DMe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 150%e0
- Qualifier
- At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloridee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloride, controlling pests increased DM by up to 150% (from 4.37 to 6.52 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
At all superphosphate levels with no potassium chloride, spraying to control pests significantly increased dry matter over unsprayed plots fertilised with potassium chloride.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- spraying to control pests where no potassium chloride was appliede0
- Outcome
- DMe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- unsprayed plots that were fertilised with potassium chloridee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“For all levels of superphosphate, spraying to control pests where no potassium chloride was applied significantly increased DM over that on unsprayed plots that were fertilised with potassium chloride”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum dry matter response to superphosphate application was achieved at 15-20 kg P/ha.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- superphosphate applicatione0
- Outcome
- maximum DM responsee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 15-20 kg P/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“The maximum DM response to superphosphate application was achieved at 15-20 kg P/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
With optimum superphosphate, dry matter ranged from 3.47 t/ha with pests not sprayed and no potassium chloride to 6.52 t/ha with pests sprayed and 120 kg potassium chloride/ha, an increase of about 180%.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- pests sprayed, 120 kg potassium chloride/hae0
- Outcome
- DMe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- about 180%e0
- Comparator
- pests not sprayed, nil potassium chloridee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“the least DM recorded within a season was 3.47 t/ha (pests not sprayed, nil potassium chloride), and the most was 6.52 t/ha (pests sprayed, 120 kg potassium chloride/ha), an increase of about 180%”
Claim · model-written summary
At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloride, controlling pests increased seed yield by up to 380% (from 290 to 1100 kg/ha).
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- controlling pestse0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 380%e0
- Qualifier
- At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloridee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“At optimum levels of superphosphate and potassium chloride, controlling pests increased seed yield by up to 380% (from 290 to 1100 kg/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
With optimum superphosphate, seed yield ranged from 210 kg/ha with pests not sprayed and no potassium chloride to 1100 kg/ha with pests sprayed and 120 kg potassium chloride/ha, an increase of 524%.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- pests sprayed, 120 kg potassium chloride/hae0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 524%e0
- Comparator
- pests not sprayed, nil potassium chloridee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“seed yield within a season ranged from 210 (pests not sprayed, nil potassium chloride) to 1100 kg/ha (pests sprayed, 120 kg potassium chloride/ha), an increase of 524%”
Claim · model-written summary
With pests sprayed, seed yield declined with superphosphate applications above 20 kg P/ha.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- superphosphate applications >20 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- With pests sprayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“With pests sprayed, seed yield declined with superphosphate applications >20 kg P/ha; the relationship was best described by a quadratic function”
Claim · model-written summary
With pests sprayed, the relationship between seed yield and superphosphate application was best described by a quadratic function.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- superphosphate applicationse0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Qualifier
- best described by a quadratic functione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“With pests sprayed, seed yield declined with superphosphate applications >20 kg P/ha; the relationship was best described by a quadratic function”
Claim · model-written summary
With pests not sprayed, seed yield did not decline with increasing superphosphate, and the relationship fitted a Mitscherlich function.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- increasing amounts of superphosphatee0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- did not declinee0
- Qualifier
- With pests not sprayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“With pests not sprayed, seed yield did not decline with increasing amounts of superphosphate, and the relationship fitted a Mitscherlich function”
Claim · model-written summary
Responses to superphosphate were described by Mitscherlich functions at each of 3 potassium chloride levels, except for seed yields with pest sprays.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- 3 levels of potassium chloridee0
- Outcome
- Responses to superphosphatee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“Responses to superphosphate were described by Mitscherlich functions for each of 3 levels of potassium chloride, except for seed yields with pest sprays”
Claim · model-written summary
With optimum superphosphate, dry matter depended on the combination of pest spraying and the amount of potassium chloride applied.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- spraying for pests and amount of potassium chloride appliede0
- Outcome
- value for DMe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“subterranean clover (cv. Daliak)”
e0“With optimum superphosphate, the value for DM depended on the combination of spraying for pests and amount of potassium chloride applied”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · yield · Trifolium subterraneumResults differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →application · yield · Trifolium subterraneumPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.