Abstract
BACKGROUND: The rapid growth of the world's population demands an increase in food production that no longer can be reached by increasing amounts of nitrogenous fertilizers. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) might be an alternative to increase nitrogenous use efficiency (NUE) in important crops such wheat. Azospirillum brasilense is one of the most promising PGPB and wheat roots colonized by A. brasilense is a good model to investigate the molecular basis of plant-PGPB interaction including improvement in plant-NUE promoted by PGPB. RESULTS: We performed a dual RNA-Seq transcriptional profiling of wheat roots colonized by A. brasilense strain FP2. cDNA libraries from biological replicates of colonized and non-inoculated wheat roots were sequenced and mapped to wheat and A. brasilense reference sequences. The unmapped reads were assembled de novo. Overall, we identified 23,215 wheat expressed ESTs and 702 A. brasilense expressed transcripts. Bacterial colonization caused changes in the expression of 776 wheat ESTs belonging to various functional categories, ranging from transport activity to biological regulation as well as defense mechanism, production of phytohormones and phytochemicals. In addition, genes encoding proteins related to bacterial chemotaxi, biofilm formation and nitrogen fixation were highly expressed in the sub-set of A. brasilense expressed genes. CONCLUSIONS: PGPB colonization enhanced the expression of plant genes related to nutrient up-take, nitrogen assimilation, DNA replication and regulation of cell division, which is consistent with a higher proportion of colonized root cells in the S-phase. Our data support the use of PGPB as an alternative to improve nutrient acquisition in important crops such as wheat, enhancing plant productivity and sustainability.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The dual RNA sequencing identified 23,215 wheat expressed ESTs.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilense
Azospirillum brasilenset0symbiont - Outcome
- wheat expressed ESTse0
- Value
- 23,215e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat roots colonized by Azospirillum brasilense”
e0“Overall, we identified 23,215 wheat expressed ESTs and 702 A. brasilense expressed transcripts.”
Claim · model-written summary
The dual RNA sequencing identified 702 A. brasilense expressed transcripts.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilenset0symbiont
- Outcome
- A. brasilense expressed transcriptse0
- Value
- 702e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat roots colonized by Azospirillum brasilense”
e0“Overall, we identified 23,215 wheat expressed ESTs and 702 A. brasilense expressed transcripts.”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonization changed expression of 776 wheat ESTs across diverse functions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Bacterial colonizatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilenset0symbiont
- Outcome
- expression of 776 wheat ESTse0
- Value
- 776e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat roots colonized by Azospirillum brasilense”
e0“Bacterial colonization caused changes in the expression of 776 wheat ESTs belonging to various functional categories, ranging from transport activity to biological regulation as well as defense mechanism, production of phytohormones and phytochemicals.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial chemotaxis, biofilm and nitrogen fixation genes were highly expressed.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilenset0symbiont
- Outcome
- A. brasilense expressed genese0
- Direction
- highly expressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat roots colonized by Azospirillum brasilense”
e0“genes encoding proteins related to bacterial chemotaxi, biofilm formation and nitrogen fixation were highly expressed in the sub-set of A. brasilense expressed genes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonization enhanced plant genes for nutrient uptake, nitrogen assimilation and DNA replication.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- PGPB colonizatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilenset0symbiont
- Outcome
- expression of plant genes related to nutrient up-take, nitrogen assimilation, DNA replicatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat roots colonized by Azospirillum brasilense”
e0“PGPB colonization enhanced the expression of plant genes related to nutrient up-take, nitrogen assimilation, DNA replication and regulation of cell division”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonization enhanced genes regulating cell division.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- PGPB colonizatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilenset0symbiont
- Outcome
- regulation of cell divisione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat roots colonized by Azospirillum brasilense”
e0“PGPB colonization enhanced the expression of plant genes related to nutrient up-take, nitrogen assimilation, DNA replication and regulation of cell division”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonized root cells had a higher proportion in S phase.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilenset0symbiont
- Outcome
- proportion of colonized root cells in the S-phasee0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat roots colonized by Azospirillum brasilense”
e0“a higher proportion of colonized root cells in the S-phase.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Azospirillum brasilense · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.