Abstract
Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean. A 2-yr field research project was conducted to determine whether common waterhemp control is influenced by application timing and rate of acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen. Common waterhemp control was 9, 9, and 8% greater 7, 14, and 21 d after treatment, respectively, after the early postemergence (EPOST) application timing compared with the POST application timing. Lactofen provided greater common waterhemp control than did acifluorfen or fomesafen, and only the highest application of lactofen provided greater than 85% common waterhemp control 21 d after POST application. No significant differences in common waterhemp dry weight were determined among the three rates of acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen applied EPOST. The highest application rates of fomesafen and lactofen reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than did the lowest application rates applied POST. The highest application rate of fomesafen also reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than did the intermediate application rate. Single degree of freedom contrasts indicated that all diphenylether herbicides reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than did imazethapyr.Nomenclature: Acifluorfen; fomesafen; imazethapyr; lactofen; common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer #3 AMATA; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.Additional index words: Postemergence, herbicide application rate, herbicide application timing, weed control.Abbreviations: ALS, acetolactate synthase; COC, crop oil concentrate; DAT, days after treatment; EPOST, early postemergence; NIS, nonionic surfactant; POST, postemergence.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Early postemergence application timing gave 9, 9 and 8% greater common waterhemp control at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment than the POST timing.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- early postemergence (EPOST) application timinge1
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- Common waterhemp controle1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 9, 9, and 8%e1
- Comparator
- POST application timinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean”
e1“Common waterhemp control was 9, 9, and 8% greater 7, 14, and 21 d after treatment, respectively, after the early postemergence (EPOST) application timing compared with the POST application timing”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactofen gave greater common waterhemp control than acifluorfen or fomesafen.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Lactofene2
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp controle2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Comparator
- acifluorfen or fomesafene2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean”
e2“Lactofen provided greater common waterhemp control than did acifluorfen or fomesafen”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the highest application of lactofen gave greater than 85% common waterhemp control 21 days after POST application.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- highest application of lactofene3
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp control 21 d after POST applicatione3
- Value
- greater than 85%e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean”
e3“only the highest application of lactofen provided greater than 85% common waterhemp control 21 d after POST application”
Claim · model-written summary
No significant difference in common waterhemp dry weight was found among the three rates of acifluorfen, fomesafen and lactofen applied EPOST.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- three rates of acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen applied EPOSTe4
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp dry weighte4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean”
e4“No significant differences in common waterhemp dry weight were determined among the three rates of acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen applied EPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest application rates of fomesafen and lactofen reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than the lowest rates applied POST.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- highest application rates of fomesafen and lactofene5
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp dry weighte5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Comparator
- lowest application rates applied POSTe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean”
e5“The highest application rates of fomesafen and lactofen reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than did the lowest application rates applied POST”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest application rate of fomesafen reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than the intermediate rate.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- highest application rate of fomesafene6
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp dry weighte6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Comparator
- intermediate application ratee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean”
e6“The highest application rate of fomesafen also reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than did the intermediate application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
All diphenylether herbicides reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than imazethapyr did.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- diphenylether herbicidese7
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp dry weighte7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Comparator
- imazethapyre7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diphenylether herbicides may be viable options for postemergence (POST) control of common waterhemp in soybean”
e7“all diphenylether herbicides reduced common waterhemp dry weight more than did imazethapyr”
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