Paper · 2013 · Basic and Applied Ecology

Root and shoot jasmonic acid induced plants differently affect the performance of Bemisia tabaci and its parasitoid Encarsia formosa

Shao-Jian Li; Xia Xue; Shun-Xiang Ren; et al.

7
claims
19
verbatim quotes
11
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc-nd

Abstract

Plants employ both direct and indirect defenses to protect themselves from attacks by herbivores and pathogens. To date most aboveground and belowground interaction studies have focused on interactions between plants and leaf-chewing herbivores, while the plant defence on the performance of phloem-feeding insects, induced by above- and belowground interaction, has been less explored. Here, jasmonic acid (JA) was used to mimic herbivore-induced responses in Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) roots (RJA) and shoots (SJA). The effects of JA-induced plant defenses on the performance of the phloem-feeding whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and its aphelinid parasitoid Encarsia formosa were investigated. The results indicated that SJA induction has a much larger negative effect on B. tabaci than RJA: nymphs develop slower and have a lower survivorship. Also, females live shorter and have a lower fecundity on SJA plants compared to those on RJA and untreated control (CON) plants. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of B. tabaci on SJA plants was 0.089, which was significantly lower than those on CON and RJA plants (0.115 and 0.104, respectively). The parasitoid E. formosa, on the other hand, shows a significantly faster development when parasitizing whitefly hosts feeding on SJA plants, whereas parasitism rate, longevity and fecundity were similar to those on RJA and CON plants. The current study reveals that plants induced with exogenous JA vary in both their resistance to whitefly and suitability for parasitoids, depending on the organ to which the JA was applied. Root and shoot JA applications also have contrasting effects on the phloem-feeding insect B. tabaci and its parasitoid, that is, SJA induction leads to more negative effects on whitefly performance than RJA induction, but its parasitoid performs better on hosts reared on SJA plants. These results show that top-down and bottom-up processes governing herbivore populations on Chinese broccoli are working in concert to increase plant resistance when plants are induced by SJA application. Pflanzen setzen sowohl direkte als auch indirekte Verteidigung ein, um sich gegen die Angriffe von Herbivoren und Pathogenen zu schützen. Bis heute haben sich die meisten Studien zu oberirdischen und unterirdischen Interaktionen auf Interaktionen zwischen Pflanzen und blattfressenden Herbivoren konzentriert, während Interaktionen mit oberirdischen Phloemsaugern weniger oft untersucht wurden. Wir benutzten Jasmonsäure (JA) um von Herbivoren induzierte Reaktionen in den Wurzeln (RJA) und Sprossen (SJA) von Chinesischem Brokkoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) nachzuahmen. Die Effekte der induzierten pflanzlichen Verteidigung auf die phloemsaugende Mottenschildlaus, Bemisia tabaci, und ihren Parasitoiden, Encarsia formosa (Aphelinidae) wurden untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass SJA einen wesentlich stärkeren negativen Effekt auf B. tabaci hat als RJA: die Nymphen entwickeln sich langsamer und ihre Überlebensrate ist geringer. Auch leben die Weibchen kürzer und haben auf SJA-Pflanzen eine geringere Fekundität als auf RJA-Pflanzen und unbehandelten Kontrollen. Die intrinsische Wachstumsrate (rm) von B. tabaci auf SJA-Pflanzen betrug 0.089 und war damit viel geringer als auf Kontroll- und RJA-Pflanzen (0.115 bzw. 0.104). Der Parasitoid, E. formosa, zeigte dagegen eine signifikant schnellere Entwicklung, wenn er Wirte, die an SJA-Pflanzen saugten, parasitierte, während Parasitierungsrate, Langlebigkeit und Fekundität ähnlich denen auf RJA- und Kontrollpflanzen waren. Unsere Studie zeigte, dass mit exogener JA induzierte Pflanzen sich in ihrer Resistenz gegen die Mottenschildläuse und ihrer Eignung für Parasitoide unterschieden, je nachdem welches Organ mit JA behandelt wurde. Wurzel- und Sprossbehandlung mit JA haben auch unterschiedliche Effekte auf den Phloemsauger B. tabaci und seinen Parasitoiden, d.h., JA-Induzierung am Spross führt zu eher negativen Effekten bei der Mottenschildlaus als JA-Induzierung an den Wurzeln, aber der Parasitoid gedeiht besser in Wirten, die auf sprossinduzierten Pflanzen leben. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass top-down- und bottom-up-Prozesse, die die Herbivorenpopulation auf Chinesischem Brokkoli bestimmen, zusammenwirken, so dass die Resistenz gesteigert wird, wenn die Sprosse der Pflanzen mit JA behandelt werden.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shoot JA slowed whitefly nymph development more than root JA.

Taxon
Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrae1
Treatment
SJA inductione0
Interactor
B. tabaciBemisia tabacie0pest
Outcome
nymphs develope0
Direction
slowere0
Comparator
RJAe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra · TaxonKowloonese · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci · InteractorPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“SJA induction has a much larger negative effect on B. tabaci than RJA: nymphs develop slower and have a lower survivorship”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 744–866 · show in text ↑
e1

“Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–513 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shoot JA reduced whitefly nymph survivorship relative to root JA.

Taxon
Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrae1
Treatment
SJA inductione0
Interactor
B. tabaciBemisia tabacie0pest
Outcome
survivorshipe0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
RJAe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra · TaxonKowloonese · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci · InteractorPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“SJA induction has a much larger negative effect on B. tabaci than RJA: nymphs develop slower and have a lower survivorship”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 744–866 · show in text ↑
e1

“Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–513 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Females lived shorter on shoot JA plants than on root JA or untreated plants.

Taxon
Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrat0
Treatment
SJA plantse0
Interactor
Bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacie1pest
Outcome
females livee0
Direction
shortere0
Comparator
RJA and untreated control (CON) plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra · TaxonKowloonese · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci · InteractorPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“females live shorter and have a lower fecundity on SJA plants compared to those on RJA and untreated control (CON) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–995 · show in text ↑
e1

“whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and its”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 626–659 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–513 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Female whitefly fecundity was lower on shoot JA plants than root JA or untreated plants.

Taxon
Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrat0
Treatment
SJA plantse0
Interactor
Bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacie1pest
Outcome
fecunditye0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
RJA and untreated control (CON) plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra · TaxonKowloonese · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci · InteractorPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“females live shorter and have a lower fecundity on SJA plants compared to those on RJA and untreated control (CON) plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–995 · show in text ↑
e1

“whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and its”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 626–659 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–513 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Whitefly intrinsic growth rate on shoot JA plants was 0.089, significantly below control at 0.115 and root JA at 0.104.

Taxon
Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrae1
Treatment
SJA plantse0
Interactor
B. tabaciBemisia tabacie0pest
Outcome
intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of B. tabacie0
Direction
lowere0
Value
0.089e0
Qualifier
0.115 and 0.104e0
Comparator
CON and RJA plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra · TaxonKowloonese · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci · InteractorPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of B. tabaci on SJA plants was 0.089, which was significantly lower than those on CON and RJA plants (0.115 and 0.104, respectively)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 997–1165 · show in text ↑
e1

“Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–513 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitoid development was significantly faster on whitefly hosts feeding on shoot JA plants.

Taxon
Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrae1
Treatment
SJA plantse0
Interactor
E. formosaEncarsia formosae0other
Second interactor
Bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacie2pest
Outcome
developmente0
Direction
fastere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra · TaxonKowloonese · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Encarsia formosa
Encarsia formosa · InteractorLars Krogmann · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci · Second interactorPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The parasitoid E. formosa, on the other hand, shows a significantly faster development when parasitizing whitefly hosts feeding on SJA plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1167–1308 · show in text ↑
e1

“Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–513 · show in text ↑
e2

“whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and its”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 626–659 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitoid parasitism rate, longevity and fecundity were similar on shoot JA, root JA and control plants.

Taxon
Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrae3
Treatment
SJA plantse1
Interactor
E. formosaEncarsia formosae2other
Outcome
parasitism rate, longevity and fecunditye0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
RJA and CON plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra · TaxonKowloonese · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Encarsia formosa
Encarsia formosa · InteractorLars Krogmann · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“parasitism rate, longevity and fecundity were similar to those on RJA and CON plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1318–1402 · show in text ↑
e1

“whitefly hosts feeding on SJA plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1272–1308 · show in text ↑
e2

“The parasitoid E. formosa, on the other hand”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1167–1211 · show in text ↑
e3

“Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 461–513 · show in text ↑