Abstract
The incidence of mycorrhizas in the roots and Endogone spores in rhizosphere soil of 52 xerophytes, 21 halophytes and 16 hydrophytes from Pakistan was investigated. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas were of general occurrence in all plants examined except hydrophytes and members of the families Urticaceae, Casuarinaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Portulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Capparaceae, Oleaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Tamaricaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Palmae. Mycorrhizas were found mainly in the surface and subsurface horizons of the soil, and they were much less abundant in the deeper layers, although the abundance of Endogone spores did not decrease with depth. Endogone spores were rare in permanently waterlogged soils, which suggested that soil moisture affected spore number. Most other soil samples contained Endogone spores, including some from rhizospheres of non-mycorrhizal plants. In some soils an increase in spore numbers was recorded in the autumn and winter and a decrease in the spring and summer.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas occurred generally in the plants examined except hydrophytes and listed families.
- Taxon
- Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytest0
- Interactor
- Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizase0symbiont
- Outcome
- Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizase0
- Qualifier
- except hydrophytes and members of the families Urticaceae, Casuarinaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Portulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Capparaceae, Oleaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Tamaricaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Palmaee0
Verbatim
e0“Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas were of general occurrence in all plants examined except hydrophytes and members of the families Urticaceae, Casuarinaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Portulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Capparaceae, Oleaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Tamaricaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Palmae.”
t0“Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytes”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizas occurred mainly in surface and subsurface soil and were less abundant deeper.
Verbatim
e0“Mycorrhizas were found mainly in the surface and subsurface horizons of the soil, and they were much less abundant in the deeper layers”
t0“Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytes”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogone spore abundance did not decrease with soil depth.
- Taxon
- Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytest0
- Outcome
- abundance of Endogone sporese0
- Direction
- did not decreasee0
EndogoneOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the abundance of Endogone spores did not decrease with depth”
t0“Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytes”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogone spores were rare in permanently waterlogged soils.
- Taxon
- Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytest0
- Outcome
- Endogone sporese0
- Direction
- raree0
- Setting
- permanently waterlogged soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Endogone spores were rare in permanently waterlogged soils”
t0“Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytes”
Claim · model-written summary
Most other soil samples contained Endogone spores, including some non-mycorrhizal plant rhizospheres.
- Taxon
- non-mycorrhizal plantse0
- Outcome
- Endogone sporese0
- Setting
- rhizospheres of non-mycorrhizal plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most other soil samples contained Endogone spores, including some from rhizospheres of non-mycorrhizal plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogone spore numbers increased in autumn and winter in some soils.
- Taxon
- Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytest0
- Outcome
- spore numberse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- autumn and wintere0
- Setting
- some soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In some soils an increase in spore numbers was recorded in the autumn and winter”
t0“Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytes, and of Endogone Spores”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogone spore numbers decreased in spring and summer in some soils.
- Taxon
- Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytest0
- Outcome
- Endogone Sporest0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- spring and summere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in the spring and summer”
t0“Halophytes, Hydrophytes and Xerophytes, and of Endogone Spores”