Abstract
The role of bacterial 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity in the interaction between tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum=Solanum lycopersicum) and Pseudomonas brassicacearum was studied in different strains. The phytopathogenic strain 520-1 possesses ACC deaminase activity, an important trait of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that stimulates root growth. The ACC-utilizing PGPR strain Am3 increased in vitro root elongation and root biomass of soil-grown tomato cv. Ailsa Craig at low bacterial concentrations (10(6) cells ml-1 in vitro and 10(6) cells g-1 soil) but had negative effects on in vitro root elongation at higher bacterial concentrations. A mutant strain of Am3 (designated T8-1) that was engineered to be ACC deaminase deficient failed to promote tomato root growth in vitro and in soil. Although strains T8-1 and 520-1 inhibited root growth in vitro at higher bacterial concentrations (>10(6) cells ml-1), they did not cause disease symptoms in vitro after seed inoculation, or in soil supplemented with bacteria. All the P. brassicacearum strains studied caused pith necrosis when stems or fruits were inoculated with a bacterial suspension, as did the causal organism of this disease (P. corrugata 176), but the non-pathogenic strain Pseudomonas sp. Dp2 did not. Strains Am3 and T8-1 were marked with antibiotic resistance and fluorescence to show that bacteria introduced to the nutrient solution or on seeds in vitro, or in soil were capable of colonizing the root surface, but were not detected inside root tissues. Both strains showed similar colonization ability either on root surfaces or in wounded stems. The results suggest that bacterial ACC deaminase of P. brassicacearum Am3 can promote growth in tomato by masking the phytopathogenic properties of this bacterium.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Phytopathogenic strain 520-1 has ACC deaminase activity.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Interactor
- 520-1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- ACC deaminase activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phytopathogenic strain 520-1 possesses ACC deaminase activity, an important trait of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that stimulates root growth.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
At low bacterial concentrations, strain Am3 increased in vitro tomato root elongation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- Ailsa Craige0
- Treatment
- strain Am3e0
- Interactor
- Am3e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- in vitro root elongatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 10(6) cells ml-1 in vitroe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ACC-utilizing PGPR strain Am3 increased in vitro root elongation and root biomass of soil-grown tomato cv. Ailsa Craig at low bacterial concentrations (10(6) cells ml-1 in vitro and 10(6) cells g-1 soil) but had negative effects on in vitro root elongation at higher bacterial concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
At low bacterial concentrations, strain Am3 increased root biomass of soil-grown tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- Ailsa Craige0
- Treatment
- strain Am3e0
- Interactor
- Am3e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 10(6) cells g-1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ACC-utilizing PGPR strain Am3 increased in vitro root elongation and root biomass of soil-grown tomato cv. Ailsa Craig at low bacterial concentrations (10(6) cells ml-1 in vitro and 10(6) cells g-1 soil) but had negative effects on in vitro root elongation at higher bacterial concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher concentrations of Am3 reduced in vitro root elongation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Am3e0
- Interactor
- Am3e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- in vitro root elongatione0
- Qualifier
- higher bacterial concentrationse0
- Comparator
- low bacterial concentrationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ACC-utilizing PGPR strain Am3 increased in vitro root elongation and root biomass of soil-grown tomato cv. Ailsa Craig at low bacterial concentrations (10(6) cells ml-1 in vitro and 10(6) cells g-1 soil) but had negative effects on in vitro root elongation at higher bacterial concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC deaminase-deficient mutant T8-1 did not promote tomato root growth in vitro or soil.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- T8-1e0
- Interactor
- T8-1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- tomato root growthe0
- Direction
- failed to promotee0
- Comparator
- Am3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A mutant strain of Am3 (designated T8-1) that was engineered to be ACC deaminase deficient failed to promote tomato root growth in vitro and in soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
T8-1 inhibited in vitro root growth at concentrations above 10(6) cells ml-1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- T8-1e0
- Interactor
- T8-1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- >10(6) cells ml-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although strains T8-1 and 520-1 inhibited root growth in vitro at higher bacterial concentrations (>10(6) cells ml-1), they did not cause disease symptoms in vitro after seed inoculation, or in soil supplemented with bacteria.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 520-1 inhibited in vitro root growth at concentrations above 10(6) cells ml-1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- 520-1e0
- Interactor
- 520-1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- >10(6) cells ml-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although strains T8-1 and 520-1 inhibited root growth in vitro at higher bacterial concentrations (>10(6) cells ml-1), they did not cause disease symptoms in vitro after seed inoculation, or in soil supplemented with bacteria.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither T8-1 nor 520-1 caused disease symptoms after seed inoculation in vitro or soil supplementation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- T8-1e0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- 520-1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- did not cause disease symptomse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although strains T8-1 and 520-1 inhibited root growth in vitro at higher bacterial concentrations (>10(6) cells ml-1), they did not cause disease symptoms in vitro after seed inoculation, or in soil supplemented with bacteria.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Am3 caused pith necrosis after tomato stem or fruit inoculation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- stems or fruitse0
- Treatment
- P. brassicacearume0
- Interactor
- P. brassicacearumPseudomonas brassicacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- pith necrosise0
- Comparator
- Pseudomonas sp. Dp2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the P. brassicacearum strains studied caused pith necrosis when stems or fruits were inoculated with a bacterial suspension, as did the causal organism of this disease (P. corrugata 176), but the non-pathogenic strain Pseudomonas sp. Dp2 did not.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
P. corrugata 176 caused pith necrosis after stem or fruit inoculation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- P. corrugata 176e0
- Interactor
- P. corrugata 176Pseudomonas corrugatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- pith necrosise0
- Comparator
- Pseudomonas sp. Dp2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the P. brassicacearum strains studied caused pith necrosis when stems or fruits were inoculated with a bacterial suspension, as did the causal organism of this disease (P. corrugata 176), but the non-pathogenic strain Pseudomonas sp. Dp2 did not.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas sp. Dp2 did not cause pith necrosis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas sp. Dp2
Pseudomonas sp. Dp2e0other - Outcome
- pith necrosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the P. brassicacearum strains studied caused pith necrosis when stems or fruits were inoculated with a bacterial suspension, as did the causal organism of this disease (P. corrugata 176), but the non-pathogenic strain Pseudomonas sp. Dp2 did not.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Introduced Am3 and T8-1 colonized tomato root surfaces but were not detected inside root tissue.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- Am3e0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- T8-1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- colonizing the root surface, but were not detected inside root tissuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Strains Am3 and T8-1 were marked with antibiotic resistance and fluorescence to show that bacteria introduced to the nutrient solution or on seeds in vitro, or in soil were capable of colonizing the root surface, but were not detected inside root tissues.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Am3 and T8-1 had similar colonization ability on root surfaces and wounded stems.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- colonization abilitye0
- Direction
- similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both strains showed similar colonization ability either on root surfaces or in wounded stems.”
e1“tomato”
e2“A mutant strain of Am3 (designated T8-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that Am3 ACC deaminase promotes tomato growth by masking pathogenic properties.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- P. brassicacearum Am3Pseudomonas brassicacearume0biocontrol_agent
- Gene
- ACC deaminasee0
- Outcome
- promote growth in tomatoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results suggest that bacterial ACC deaminase of P. brassicacearum Am3 can promote growth in tomato by masking the phytopathogenic properties of this bacterium.”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas brassicacearum · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.