Abstract
Summary: The numbers of local lesions (x) produced by different leaves when inoculated with the same virus preparation deviate greatly from a normal distribution, and the standard errors of x’s depend on their magnitude. Before customary statistical analyses are applicable to results of infectivity assays, x’s must be suitably transformed. When mean values of x are greater than about 10, the transformation z = log10 (x + c) (where c is a constant), is satisfactory but inapplicable with smaller numbers. In some work the use of poorly infective inocula is unavoidable, and to allow statistical analysis of results in such work a new transformation z = log10½ [x + c + √(x 2 + 2cx)] is derived. This operates satisfactorily when mean numbers of x are greater than about 1·5. The results of the two transformations converge as x increases. Values of z are tabulated to make the use of the new transformations as quick as that of the other transformation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Local lesion counts across leaves inoculated with the same virus preparation deviate greatly from normality.
Not reportedInteractor
Verbatim
e0“The numbers of local lesions (x) produced by different leaves when inoculated with the same virus preparation deviate greatly from a normal distribution”
Claim · model-written summary
Standard errors of lesion counts depend on count magnitude.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“the standard errors of x’s depend on their magnitude”
Claim · model-written summary
The customary log transformation is satisfactory when mean lesion counts exceed about 10.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“When mean values of x are greater than about 10, the transformation z = log10 (x + c) (where c is a constant), is satisfactory but inapplicable with smaller numbers.”
Claim · model-written summary
The customary log transformation is inapplicable to smaller lesion count means.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“When mean values of x are greater than about 10, the transformation z = log10 (x + c) (where c is a constant), is satisfactory but inapplicable with smaller numbers.”
Claim · model-written summary
The new transformation works satisfactorily for mean lesion numbers above about 1·5.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“This operates satisfactorily when mean numbers of x are greater than about 1·5.”
Claim · model-written summary
Results of the two transformations converge as lesion count increases.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The results of the two transformations converge as x increases.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tabulated values of z make the new transformation as quick to use as the older one.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Values of z are tabulated to make the use of the new transformations as quick as that of the other transformation.”