Abstract
To reveal the genetic properties of an Afghan wheat collection maintained in Kyoto University, variations in morphological character and HMW glutenin subunit composition were investigated in 410 Afghan wheat accessions together with 65 accessions of Iranian and Pakistani wheat. The majority of the samples had primitive morphological characteristics, namely, tall plant height and lax spikes with a spelt head. The most frequent combination of HMW glutenin subunit was Glu-A1c (encoding subunit null), Glu-B1b (7 + 8), and Glu-D1a (2 + 12). Alleles preferable for modern breeding such as Glu-B1c and Glu-D1d were rare in our samples. Consequently, we concluded that the Afghan wheat accessions investigated in this study have genetic characteristics typical of landraces. As for their genetic diversity, the level of variation in the HMW glutenin subunit in Afghanistan was found to be equal to or lower than that in the neighboring countries. The largest variation was observed in Western Iran and Pakistan. AFLP analysis using 91 representative accessions also showed a comparatively low level of diversity in Afghanistan. These results suggest that a decrease in genetic diversity has occurred in Afghanistan. A novel HMW glutenin subunit (2.8) was found in this study, indicating the potential usefulness of Afghan landraces for wheat breeding.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Most wheat samples had primitive tall, lax spelt-head morphology.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- tall plant height and lax spikes with a spelt heade0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The majority of the samples had primitive morphological characteristics, namely, tall plant height and lax spikes with a spelt head.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The most frequent glutenin combination was Glu-A1c, Glu-B1b, and Glu-D1a.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Glu-A1c (encoding subunit null), Glu-B1b (7 + 8), and Glu-D1a (2 + 12)e0
- Outcome
- most frequent combination of HMW glutenin subunite0
- Direction
- most frequente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most frequent combination of HMW glutenin subunit was Glu-A1c (encoding subunit null), Glu-B1b (7 + 8), and Glu-D1a (2 + 12).”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Breeding-preferred Glu-B1c and Glu-D1d alleles were rare in the samples.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Glu-B1c and Glu-D1de0
- Outcome
- Alleles preferable for modern breedinge0
- Direction
- raree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alleles preferable for modern breeding such as Glu-B1c and Glu-D1d were rare in our samples.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The Afghan accessions had genetic characteristics typical of landraces.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Afghan wheat accessionse0
- Outcome
- genetic characteristics typical of landracese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Afghan wheat accessions investigated in this study have genetic characteristics typical of landraces.”
Claim · model-written summary
Afghanistan had equal or lower HMW glutenin variation than neighboring countries.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- level of variation in the HMW glutenin subunite0
- Direction
- equal to or lowere0
- Comparator
- neighboring countriese0
- Setting
- Afghanistane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of variation in the HMW glutenin subunit in Afghanistan was found to be equal to or lower than that in the neighboring countries.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Western Iran and Pakistan showed the largest HMW glutenin variation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- variatione0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Setting
- Western Iran and Pakistane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest variation was observed in Western Iran and Pakistan.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
AFLP analysis also showed comparatively low diversity in Afghanistan.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- level of diversitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Value
- 91 representative accessionse0
- Setting
- Afghanistane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AFLP analysis using 91 representative accessions also showed a comparatively low level of diversity in Afghanistan.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer a decrease in genetic diversity in Afghanistan.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- genetic diversitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Setting
- Afghanistane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results suggest that a decrease in genetic diversity has occurred in Afghanistan.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A novel HMW glutenin subunit 2.8 was identified.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- HMW glutenin subunit (2.8)e0
- Outcome
- novel HMW glutenin subunit (2.8)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A novel HMW glutenin subunit (2.8) was found in this study”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The novel subunit indicates potential breeding utility of Afghan landraces.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Afghan landracese0
- Outcome
- potential usefulness of Afghan landraces for wheat breedinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indicating the potential usefulness of Afghan landraces for wheat breeding.”