Abstract
Uniform and controlled applications of insecticides constitute a fundamental aspect of applied research on performance of insecticides. We describe and evaluate a spraying device made from an artist airbrush and a soda bottle, the "bottle sprayer," which can be used to apply insecticide formulations both under laboratory and field conditions. Using the bottle sprayer in conjunction with quantitative behavioral analysis, it was shown that (1) miticides can significantly affect movement patterns and (2) it is possible to quantify mite repellency to miticides. The combination of controlled sprays to portions of trial arenas and quantification of behavioral responses by individual spider mites may be used to address a wide range of applied questions related to spider mite ecology. We used the bottle sprayer to apply water on water-sensitive cards and used simple image analysis techniques to correlate average reflectance per pixels (quadratic reflectance in blue color band) with water dose applied. Consequently, we were able to propose a method to quantify dose applied based on average color on water-sensitive cards. The spray card analysis based on data generated with the bottle sprayer was used to interpret spray card data obtained from spray applications in a commercial potato, Solanum tuberosum L., field and to discuss the possibility of developing quality control procedures for insecticide applications in field crops.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Miticides significantly affected spider mite movement patterns in spray trials.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Using the bottle sprayer in conjunction with quantitative behavioral analysis, it was shown that (1) miticides can significantly affect movement patterns”
t0“Crop Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The sprayer and behavioral analysis permitted quantification of mite repellency to miticides.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“it is possible to quantify mite repellency to miticides”
t0“Crop Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Average blue-band reflectance of water-sensitive cards correlated with applied water dose.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“correlate average reflectance per pixels (quadratic reflectance in blue color band) with water dose applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Average card color provided a proposed method for quantifying applied dose.
- Outcome
- dose appliede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Verbatim
e0“we were able to propose a method to quantify dose applied based on average color on water-sensitive cards”
Claim · model-written summary
Spray-card analysis was used to interpret field spray applications in a commercial potato field.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosum L.
Solanum tuberosume0 - Outcome
- spray card datae0
- Setting
- commercial potato, Solanum tuberosum L., fielde0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The spray card analysis based on data generated with the bottle sprayer was used to interpret spray card data obtained from spray applications in a commercial potato, Solanum tuberosum L., field”