Abstract
Abstract Resource use efficiency requires a correct appreciation of the nitrogen ( N ) fertilizer replacement value ( NFRV , percentage of total N applied) of manures. We assessed the NFRV s of the liquid fraction originating from separated pig slurry ( MC ), untreated pig slurry ( PS ), untreated cattle slurry ( CS ), the solid fraction from separated pig slurry ( SF ) and solid farmyard manure from cattle ( FYM ) in two consecutive years in silage maize grown on a sandy soil. Maize yields responded positively to each of these N sources applied at rates up to 150 kg of mineral fertilizer equivalents per ha per year (i.e. NFRV × total N rate). The observed NFRV s, relative to calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, amounted to 78% for MC , 82% for PS , 79% for CS , 56% for SF and 34% for FYM when averaged over both years. NFRV s were positively related to the ammonium‐ N share in the total N content. Rye cover crop establishment after the harvest of maize reduced nitrate concentrations of the upper groundwater by, on average, 7.5 mg nitrate‐ N /L in the first year and 10.9 mg/L in the second year, relative to a bare soil. Regardless of the presence of a cover crop, nitrate concentrations responded positively to the applied rate of effective N (total N × NFRV ) but less to postharvest residual soil mineral N .
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield rose with each tested nitrogen source up to 150 kg mineral fertilizer equivalents per hectare per year.
- Treatment
- N sources applied at rates up to 150 kg of mineral fertilizer equivalents per ha per yeare0
- Outcome
- Maize yieldse0
- Direction
- responded positivelye0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize yields responded positively to each of these N sources applied at rates up to 150 kg of mineral fertilizer equivalents per ha per year”
Claim · model-written summary
The liquid fraction of separated pig slurry had a 78% nitrogen fertilizer replacement value.
Verbatim
e0“The observed NFRV s, relative to calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, amounted to 78% for MC , 82% for PS , 79% for CS , 56% for SF and 34% for FYM”
t0“silage maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated pig slurry had an 82% nitrogen fertilizer replacement value.
Verbatim
e0“The observed NFRV s, relative to calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, amounted to 78% for MC , 82% for PS , 79% for CS , 56% for SF and 34% for FYM”
t0“silage maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated cattle slurry had a 79% nitrogen fertilizer replacement value.
Verbatim
e0“The observed NFRV s, relative to calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, amounted to 78% for MC , 82% for PS , 79% for CS , 56% for SF and 34% for FYM”
t0“silage maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Separated pig slurry solids had a 56% nitrogen fertilizer replacement value.
Verbatim
e0“The observed NFRV s, relative to calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, amounted to 78% for MC , 82% for PS , 79% for CS , 56% for SF and 34% for FYM”
t0“silage maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle farmyard manure had a 34% nitrogen fertilizer replacement value.
Verbatim
e0“The observed NFRV s, relative to calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, amounted to 78% for MC , 82% for PS , 79% for CS , 56% for SF and 34% for FYM”
t0“silage maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer replacement value was positively related to ammonium nitrogen share.
Verbatim
e0“NFRV s were positively related to the ammonium‐ N share in the total N content”
t0“silage maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye cover cropping lowered groundwater nitrate by 7.5 mg nitrate nitrogen per liter in the first year.
- Treatment
- Rye cover crop establishmente0
- Outcome
- nitrate concentrations of the upper groundwatere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 7.5 mg nitrate‐ N /Le0
- Comparator
- a bare soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rye cover crop establishment after the harvest of maize reduced nitrate concentrations of the upper groundwater by, on average, 7.5 mg nitrate‐ N /L in the first year and 10.9 mg/L in the second year, relative to a bare soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye cover cropping lowered groundwater nitrate by 10.9 mg/L in the second year.
- Treatment
- Rye cover crop establishmente0
- Outcome
- nitrate concentrations of the upper groundwatere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 10.9 mg/Le0
- Comparator
- a bare soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rye cover crop establishment after the harvest of maize reduced nitrate concentrations of the upper groundwater by, on average, 7.5 mg nitrate‐ N /L in the first year and 10.9 mg/L in the second year, relative to a bare soil”
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See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.