Abstract
Widespread use of crop yield loss models based on weed density has been limited on account of spatial and temporal variability. Furthermore, research characterizing crop yield loss associated with two or more weed species is lacking for many cropping systems. Therefore, research was conducted to characterize giant foxtail and common lambsquarters leaf area, height, and shoot volume in soybean, to quantify the relative competitive ability of giant foxtail and common lambsquarters in a mixed–weed species environment, and to assess weed density, weed relative leaf area, and weed relative volume as predictors of soybean yield loss. Based on weed density, coefficient estimates of percent soybean yield loss as giant foxtail or common lambsquarters densities approached zero differed between years. In contrast, coefficient estimates of maximum soybean yield loss were similar between years. Based on weed relative leaf area, estimates of giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years. Similarly, estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with common lambsquarters leaf area differed between years, whereas estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with giant foxtail leaf area did not change over time within a growing season or between years. Based on weed relative volume, estimates of giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years. Similarly, estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with common lambsquarters volume differed between years, whereas estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with giant foxtail volume did not change over time within a growing season or between years. Based on weed density, weed relative leaf area, or weed relative volume, giant foxtail was more competitive than common lambsquarters in terms of soybean yield loss. Temporal variability of weed density, weed relative leaf area, and weed relative volume indicates that additional parameters may be required to accurately predict weed–crop interactions in a multiple–weed species community.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Density based soybean yield loss coefficients near zero weed density differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- coefficient estimates of percent soybean yield losse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on weed density, coefficient estimates of percent soybean yield loss as giant foxtail or common lambsquarters densities approached zero differed between years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Density based estimates of maximum soybean yield loss were similar between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile1weed
- Outcome
- coefficient estimates of maximum soybean yield losse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, coefficient estimates of maximum soybean yield loss were similar between years.”
e1“Based on weed density, coefficient estimates of percent soybean yield loss as giant foxtail or common lambsquarters densities approached zero differed between years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area based giant foxtail damage coefficients differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficientse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on weed relative leaf area, estimates of giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years.”
e1“predictors of soybean yield loss”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area based common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficientse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on weed relative leaf area, estimates of giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years.”
e1“predictors of soybean yield loss”
Claim · model-written summary
Common lambsquarters leaf area based maximum soybean yield loss estimates differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- estimates of maximum soybean yield losse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with common lambsquarters leaf area differed between years, whereas estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with giant foxtail leaf area did not change over time within a growing season or between years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Giant foxtail leaf area based maximum soybean yield loss estimates did not change within or between seasons.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- estimates of maximum soybean yield losse0
- Comparator
- within a growing season or between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with common lambsquarters leaf area differed between years, whereas estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with giant foxtail leaf area did not change over time within a growing season or between years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Volume based giant foxtail damage coefficients differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficientse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on weed relative volume, estimates of giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years.”
e1“predictors of soybean yield loss”
Claim · model-written summary
Volume based common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficientse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on weed relative volume, estimates of giant foxtail or common lambsquarters damage coefficients differed between years.”
e1“predictors of soybean yield loss”
Claim · model-written summary
Common lambsquarters volume based maximum soybean yield loss estimates differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- estimates of maximum soybean yield losse0
- Comparator
- between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with common lambsquarters volume differed between years, whereas estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with giant foxtail volume did not change over time within a growing season or between years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Giant foxtail volume based maximum soybean yield loss estimates did not change within or between seasons.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- estimates of maximum soybean yield losse0
- Comparator
- within a growing season or between yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with common lambsquarters volume differed between years, whereas estimates of maximum soybean yield loss associated with giant foxtail volume did not change over time within a growing season or between years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Giant foxtail was more competitive than common lambsquarters for soybean yield loss under all three predictor bases.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Second interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- soybean yield losse0
- Direction
- more competitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on weed density, weed relative leaf area, or weed relative volume, giant foxtail was more competitive than common lambsquarters in terms of soybean yield loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude additional parameters may be required to predict mixed weed competition accurately.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- additional parameters may be required to accurately predict weed–crop interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Temporal variability of weed density, weed relative leaf area, and weed relative volume indicates that additional parameters may be required to accurately predict weed–crop interactions in a multiple–weed species community.”
t0“soybean yield loss”