Abstract
Understanding weed–crop interactions is critical in predicting crop yield loss, but it is also important to understand how these interactions affect weed productivity. Therefore, research was conducted to characterize the weed relative leaf area and weed relative volume of several giant foxtail cohorts in soybean, and to assess weed density and cohort emergence time, weed relative leaf area, and weed relative volume as predictors of giant foxtail shoot biomass and fecundity. Giant foxtail cohorts emerged at VE (emergence), VC (cotyledon), V1 (first node), and V3 (third node) soybean growth stages and were thinned to densities of 0, 4, 16, 36, and 64 plants m−2. Based on weed density and cohort emergence time, the maximum shoot biomass per square meter or the maximum fecundity per square meter differed between years. In contrast, shoot biomass or fecundity per plant, as weed density approached zero, and the rate at which shoot biomass or fecundity decreased exponentially, as time increased, were similar between years. Based on the weed relative leaf area, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass differed between years, whereas the cohort effect on giant foxtail fecundity was similar between years. Maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter differed between years when estimated from weed relative leaf area. Based on the weed relative volume, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter was similar between years, as was the maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter. The temporal stability of weed relative volume, used to describe giant foxtail shoot biomass or fecundity, may aid in improving bioeconomic weed management models.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass or fecundity per square meter differed between years when estimated from weed density and cohort emergence time.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- maximum shoot biomass per square meter or the maximum fecundity per square metere1
- Qualifier
- Based on weed density and cohort emergence timee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e1“Based on weed density and cohort emergence time, the maximum shoot biomass per square meter or the maximum fecundity per square meter differed between years”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot biomass or fecundity per plant as weed density approached zero, and the rate of their exponential decrease over time, were similar between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- shoot biomass or fecundity per plant, as weed density approached zero, and the rate at which shoot biomass or fecundity decreased exponentiallye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e2“shoot biomass or fecundity per plant, as weed density approached zero, and the rate at which shoot biomass or fecundity decreased exponentially, as time increased, were similar between years”
Claim · model-written summary
Based on weed relative leaf area, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass differed between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomasse3
- Qualifier
- Based on the weed relative leaf areae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e3“Based on the weed relative leaf area, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass differed between years, whereas the cohort effect on giant foxtail fecundity was similar between years”
Claim · model-written summary
Based on weed relative leaf area, the cohort effect on giant foxtail fecundity was similar between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- cohort effect on giant foxtail fecunditye3
- Qualifier
- Based on the weed relative leaf areae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e3“Based on the weed relative leaf area, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass differed between years, whereas the cohort effect on giant foxtail fecundity was similar between years”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass or fecundity per square meter differed between years when estimated from weed relative leaf area.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- Maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square metere4
- Qualifier
- when estimated from weed relative leaf areae4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e4“Maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter differed between years when estimated from weed relative leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
Based on weed relative volume, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass or fecundity per square meter was similar between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square metere5
- Qualifier
- Based on the weed relative volumee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e5“Based on the weed relative volume, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter was similar between years, as was the maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter”
Claim · model-written summary
Based on weed relative volume, the maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass or fecundity per square meter was similar between years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square metere5
- Qualifier
- Based on the weed relative volumee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e5“Based on the weed relative volume, the cohort effect on giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter was similar between years, as was the maximum giant foxtail shoot biomass per square meter or fecundity per square meter”
Claim · model-written summary
The temporal stability of weed relative volume may aid in improving bioeconomic weed management models.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- giant foxtailt0weed
- Outcome
- improving bioeconomic weed management modelse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Estimating giant foxtail cohort productivity in soybean based on weed density, leaf area, or volume”
e6“The temporal stability of weed relative volume, used to describe giant foxtail shoot biomass or fecundity, may aid in improving bioeconomic weed management models”