Abstract

study was conducted with objectives to determine the effects of different application rates of glycine betaine and time of application in field grown cotton at Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan. Four levels of glycine betaine (0.0, 1.0, 3.0 and 6.0 kg ha -l ) were applied exogenously at three physiological growth stages, i.e., at squaring, first flower and peak flowering. Cotton cultivar CIM-448 was used as test crop. Results showed that different doses of glycine betaine and its foliar application at various growth stages showed significant differences in seed cotton yield, number of bolls per plant and boll weight. The highest seed cotton yield was obtained by the foliar application of 3.0 kg ha -l glycine betaine at squaring phase. The value of seed cotton yield ranged from 1956 to 2464 kg ha -l in various treatments.

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Glycine betaine dose and application stage significantly changed seed cotton yield.

Treatment
different doses of glycine betaine and its foliar application at various growth stagese0
Outcome
seed cotton yielde0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“different doses of glycine betaine and its foliar application at various growth stages showed significant differences in seed cotton yield, number of bolls per plant and boll weight.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 450–632 · show in text ↑
t0

“EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GLYCINE BETAINE AND TIME OF SPRAY APPLICATION ON YIELD OF COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Glycine betaine dose and application stage significantly changed boll number per plant.

Treatment
different doses of glycine betaine and its foliar application at various growth stagese0
Outcome
number of bolls per plante0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“different doses of glycine betaine and its foliar application at various growth stages showed significant differences in seed cotton yield, number of bolls per plant and boll weight.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 450–632 · show in text ↑
t0

“EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GLYCINE BETAINE AND TIME OF SPRAY APPLICATION ON YIELD OF COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Glycine betaine dose and application stage significantly changed boll weight.

Treatment
different doses of glycine betaine and its foliar application at various growth stagese0
Outcome
boll weighte0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“different doses of glycine betaine and its foliar application at various growth stages showed significant differences in seed cotton yield, number of bolls per plant and boll weight.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 450–632 · show in text ↑
t0

“EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GLYCINE BETAINE AND TIME OF SPRAY APPLICATION ON YIELD OF COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar application of 3.0 kg ha -l glycine betaine at squaring produced the highest seed cotton yield.

Treatment
foliar application of 3.0 kg ha -l glycine betaine at squaring phasee0
Outcome
seed cotton yielde0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest seed cotton yield was obtained by the foliar application of 3.0 kg ha -l glycine betaine at squaring phase.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 633–752 · show in text ↑
t0

“EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GLYCINE BETAINE AND TIME OF SPRAY APPLICATION ON YIELD OF COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–118 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed cotton yield ranged from 1956 to 2464 kg ha -l across treatments.

Outcome
seed cotton yielde0
Value
1956 to 2464 kg ha -le0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The value of seed cotton yield ranged from 1956 to 2464 kg ha -l in various treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 753–840 · show in text ↑
t0

“EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GLYCINE BETAINE AND TIME OF SPRAY APPLICATION ON YIELD OF COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–118 · show in text ↑

glycine betaine · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ

6 papers: 4 positive, 2 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

application · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

283 papers: 253 positive, 30 negative or no effect

252 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

279 papers more in this group

See all 283 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.