Abstract
Eight different weed community types growing in association with transplanted rice were identified in the experimental fields used in these studies. The Importance Value (LV.) of weed species growing in association with rice changed with time. The I. V. of Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook f. increased from 40 days after transplanting (DAT) until heading and then, decreased from heading to maturity of rice. However, the LV. of Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.) Pres!. and Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. hispidula (Retz.) Honda increased from 40 DAT to maturity while Scirpus maritimus L. decreased from 40 DAT. There was a high negative correlation between grain yield and weed weight at rice heading in all weed communities. The competitive ability of rice against weeds varied depending upon weed species. The highest yield decrease due to weed competition was obtained from the E. crus-galli ssp. hispidula-S. Maritimus community. Forty-two percent yield reduction was caused by competition of 100g dry weight of weeds per square meter of this community type at rice heading. The yield decrease for the same amount of weeds was 10% for the E. glabrescens community, 15% for the M vaginalis community and the M vaginalis-Scirpus supinus L. community and 21% for the M vaginalis-E. glabrescens-Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud.-S. maritimus community type.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Eight weed community types were identified in association with transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- weed community typese1
- Value
- Eighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e1“Eight different weed community types growing in association with transplanted rice were identified in the experimental fields used in these studies”
Claim · model-written summary
The importance value of weed species growing with rice changed with time.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Importance Value (LV.) of weed speciese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e2“The Importance Value (LV.) of weed species growing in association with rice changed with time”
Claim · model-written summary
The importance value of Echinochloa glabrescens increased from 40 DAT until heading.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook f.Echinochloa glabrescense3weed
- Outcome
- I. V.e3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Qualifier
- from 40 days after transplanting (DAT) until headinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e3“The I. V. of Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook f. increased from 40 days after transplanting (DAT) until heading and then, decreased from heading to maturity of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The importance value of Echinochloa glabrescens decreased from heading to maturity of rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook f.Echinochloa glabrescense3weed
- Outcome
- I. V.e3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Qualifier
- from heading to maturity of ricee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e3“The I. V. of Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook f. increased from 40 days after transplanting (DAT) until heading and then, decreased from heading to maturity of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The importance value of Monochoria vaginalis increased from 40 DAT to maturity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.) Pres!.e4weed
- Outcome
- LV.e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- from 40 DAT to maturitye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e4“However, the LV. of Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.) Pres!. and Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. hispidula (Retz.) Honda increased from 40 DAT to maturity while Scirpus maritimus L. decreased from 40 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The importance value of Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. hispidula increased from 40 DAT to maturity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. hispidula (Retz.) Honda
Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. hispidulae4weed - Outcome
- LV.e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- from 40 DAT to maturitye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e4“However, the LV. of Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.) Pres!. and Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. hispidula (Retz.) Honda increased from 40 DAT to maturity while Scirpus maritimus L. decreased from 40 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The importance value of Scirpus maritimus decreased from 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Scirpus maritimus L.
Bolboschoenus maritimuse4weed - Outcome
- LV.e4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Qualifier
- from 40 DATe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e4“However, the LV. of Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.) Pres!. and Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. hispidula (Retz.) Honda increased from 40 DAT to maturity while Scirpus maritimus L. decreased from 40 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was negatively correlated with weed weight at rice heading in all weed communities.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- weed weighte5
- Outcome
- grain yielde5
- Direction
- negativee5
- Qualifier
- at rice heading in all weed communitiese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e5“There was a high negative correlation between grain yield and weed weight at rice heading in all weed communities”
Claim · model-written summary
The competitive ability of rice against weeds varied with weed species.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- competitive ability of rice against weedse6
- Qualifier
- depending upon weed speciese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e6“The competitive ability of rice against weeds varied depending upon weed species”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest yield decrease from weed competition was in the E. crus-galli ssp. hispidula and S. maritimus community.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- E. crus-galli ssp. hispidulaEchinochloa crus-galli subsp. hispidulae7weed
- Second interactor
- S. Maritimuse7weed
- Outcome
- yield decrease due to weed competitione7
- Direction
- higheste7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e7“The highest yield decrease due to weed competition was obtained from the E. crus-galli ssp. hispidula-S. Maritimus community”
Claim · model-written summary
Competition by 100 g dry weight of weeds per square meter of the E. crus-galli ssp. hispidula and S. maritimus community caused a 42% yield reduction at rice heading.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- competition of 100g dry weight of weeds per square metere6
- Outcome
- yield reductione6
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede6
- Value
- Forty-two percente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e6“Forty-two percent yield reduction was caused by competition of 100g dry weight of weeds per square meter of this community type at rice heading”
Claim · model-written summary
For the same weed amount, yield decrease was 10% in the E. glabrescens community.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- same amount of weedse7
- Interactor
- E. glabrescensEchinochloa glabrescense7weed
- Outcome
- yield decreasee7
- Direction
- decreasee7
- Value
- 10%e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e7“The yield decrease for the same amount of weeds was 10% for the E. glabrescens community, 15% for the M vaginalis community and the M vaginalis-Scirpus supinus L. community and 21% for the M vaginalis-E. glabrescens-Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud.-S. maritimus community type”
Claim · model-written summary
For the same weed amount, yield decrease was 15% in the M vaginalis community.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- same amount of weedse7
- Interactor
- M vaginalise7weed
- Outcome
- yield decreasee7
- Direction
- decreasee7
- Value
- 15%e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e7“The yield decrease for the same amount of weeds was 10% for the E. glabrescens community, 15% for the M vaginalis community and the M vaginalis-Scirpus supinus L. community and 21% for the M vaginalis-E. glabrescens-Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud.-S. maritimus community type”
Claim · model-written summary
For the same weed amount, yield decrease was 15% in the M vaginalis-Scirpus supinus L. community.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- same amount of weedse7
- Interactor
- M vaginalise7weed
- Second interactor
- Scirpus supinus L.Schoenoplectiella supinae7weed
- Outcome
- yield decreasee7
- Direction
- decreasee7
- Value
- 15%e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e7“The yield decrease for the same amount of weeds was 10% for the E. glabrescens community, 15% for the M vaginalis community and the M vaginalis-Scirpus supinus L. community and 21% for the M vaginalis-E. glabrescens-Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud.-S. maritimus community type”
Claim · model-written summary
For the same weed amount, yield decrease was 21% in the M vaginalis-E. glabrescens-Fimbristylis littoralis-S. maritimus community.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- same amount of weedse7
- Interactor
- M vaginalise7weed
- Second interactor
- E. glabrescensEchinochloa glabrescense7weed
- Outcome
- yield decreasee7
- Direction
- decreasee7
- Value
- 21%e7
- Qualifier
- Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud.-S. maritimus community typee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“transplanted lowland rice”
e7“The yield decrease for the same amount of weeds was 10% for the E. glabrescens community, 15% for the M vaginalis community and the M vaginalis-Scirpus supinus L. community and 21% for the M vaginalis-E. glabrescens-Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud.-S. maritimus community type”