Abstract
To overcome difficulties in seedling breeding in low temperature ( the average temperature is 14.65 degreesC in March and April) areas and in areas receiving a low amount of sunlight (the average sunlight hour is 93.55 h in March and April), a closed-type transplant production system was designed and studied using flue-cured tobacco as the plant material. The system was used for breeding the tobacco seedlings and was compared with the floating system. The closed-type transplant production system shortened the breeding period, with the tobacco seedlings reaching the 5-leaf growth stage at approximately 25 d sooner than in the floating system. The stem diameter, dry weight of the roots, stems and leaves, root/shoot ratio, and rate of healthy seedlings were higher by 35%, 160%, 49%, 8%, 74%, and 84%, respectively, in the closed-type system than in the floating system. The costs of seedling breeding in the closed-type system with and without heeling-in (direct planting) were reduced by 70% and 21%, respectively, compared with the floating system. Our results showed that the closed-type transplant production system effectively mitigated the problems of long seedling age and low rate of healthy seedlings in low temperature areas and in areas receiving a low amount of sunlight without lowering the agronomic qualities of seedlings. Furthermore, this closed-type transplant system reduced the consumption of wetland peat, which is a non-renewable resource, thereby significantly reducing the cost of seedling breeding. This system can potentially solve transplant crop production problems encountered in low temperature areas and in areas receiving a low amount of sunlight in China.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The closed system reached the five-leaf stage about 25 days earlier.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- closed-type transplant production systemt0
- Outcome
- 5-leaf growth stagee0
- Direction
- soonere0
- Value
- approximately 25 de0
- Comparator
- floating systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco seedlings reaching the 5-leaf growth stage at approximately 25 d sooner than in the floating system”
t0“closed-type transplant production system”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem diameter was 35% higher in the closed system.
Verbatim
e0“The stem diameter, dry weight of the roots, stems and leaves, root/shoot ratio, and rate of healthy seedlings were higher by 35%, 160%, 49%, 8%, 74%, and 84%, respectively, in the closed-type system than in the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Root dry weight was 160% higher.
Verbatim
e0“The stem diameter, dry weight of the roots, stems and leaves, root/shoot ratio, and rate of healthy seedlings were higher by 35%, 160%, 49%, 8%, 74%, and 84%, respectively, in the closed-type system than in the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem dry weight was 49% higher.
Verbatim
e0“The stem diameter, dry weight of the roots, stems and leaves, root/shoot ratio, and rate of healthy seedlings were higher by 35%, 160%, 49%, 8%, 74%, and 84%, respectively, in the closed-type system than in the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf dry weight was 8% higher.
Verbatim
e0“The stem diameter, dry weight of the roots, stems and leaves, root/shoot ratio, and rate of healthy seedlings were higher by 35%, 160%, 49%, 8%, 74%, and 84%, respectively, in the closed-type system than in the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-to-shoot ratio was 74% higher.
Verbatim
e0“The stem diameter, dry weight of the roots, stems and leaves, root/shoot ratio, and rate of healthy seedlings were higher by 35%, 160%, 49%, 8%, 74%, and 84%, respectively, in the closed-type system than in the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Healthy-seedling rate was 84% higher.
Verbatim
e0“The stem diameter, dry weight of the roots, stems and leaves, root/shoot ratio, and rate of healthy seedlings were higher by 35%, 160%, 49%, 8%, 74%, and 84%, respectively, in the closed-type system than in the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling costs with heeling-in fell 70%.
Verbatim
e0“costs of seedling breeding in the closed-type system with and without heeling-in (direct planting) were reduced by 70% and 21%, respectively, compared with the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling costs without heeling-in fell 21%.
Verbatim
e0“costs of seedling breeding in the closed-type system with and without heeling-in (direct planting) were reduced by 70% and 21%, respectively, compared with the floating system”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The closed system reduced wetland peat consumption.
- Taxon
- flue-cured tobaccot0
- Treatment
- closed-type transplant systeme0
- Outcome
- consumption of wetland peate0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“this closed-type transplant system reduced the consumption of wetland peat”
t0“flue-cured tobacco”
The same questions in other papers
transplanting · pest · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
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See all 5 papers →transplanting · growth · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.