Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during 2010 and 2011, at Kalimpong with the objective of improving the production of rice with sustainable weed management practices. Study revealed that the two species of Echinochloa i.e E colona, and E.crusgalli preferred moist condition and continued to grow under shallow submergence condition of hills. Among all the chemical treatments grassy weed biomass was lowest with the application of Pretilachlor fb by 2, 4 DEE (1.0 and 0.5 Kg ha −1, respectively). This treatment was followed by incorporation of Pendimethalin fb 2, 4 DEE (1.0 and 0.5 Kg ha −1, respectively). Amongst various chemical treatments, minimum weed biomass was registered with the incorporation of Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1.0 and 0.50 Kg ha−1, respectively) and was statistically superior to other set of experiment during the first year of at 30 DAT. However in the second year of 30 DAT this treatment was at par with the Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1) and statistically better than other chemical treatment practices. Amongst various chemical treatments maximum grain yield of 5.13 t ha−1 was observed in first year with the application of Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5 Kg ha−1, respectively) and was at par with the Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1) (5.7 t ha−1)and hand weeding twice (5.23 tha−1). However, in second year highest grain yield of 4.93t ha−1 was registered with the application of Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5 Kg ha−1, respectively), and was at par with the Anilofos + 2, 4 DEE (1 + 0.5 Kg ha−1) (4.81 t ha−1) and hand weeding twice (5.0 t ha−1). Straw yield was maximum observed with the hand weeding twice (6.80 t and 6.46 t ha−1), and was at par with the Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5Kg ha−1, respectively) and Anilofos +2, 4-DEE (1 + 0.5 Kg ha−1) during both the years this was at par with the Pendimethalin (1 Kg ha−1), Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5Kg ha−1, respectively) and Anilofos +2, 4 DEE (1 + 0.5 Kg ha−1).
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
E. colona grew in moist and shallowly submerged hill conditions.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Interactor
- E colona
Echinochloa colonae1weed - Outcome
- E colonae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“E colona, and E.crusgalli preferred moist condition and continued to grow under shallow submergence condition of hills”
Claim · model-written summary
E. crusgalli grew in moist and shallowly submerged hill conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- E.crusgalli
Echinochloa crus-gallie1weed - Outcome
- E.crusgallie1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“E colona, and E.crusgalli preferred moist condition and continued to grow under shallow submergence condition of hills”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor followed by 2,4 DEE minimized grassy weed biomass and was superior at 30 DAT in year one.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1.0 and 0.50 Kg ha−1, respectively)e1
- Outcome
- weed biomasse1
- Direction
- minimume1
- Comparator
- other set of experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“minimum weed biomass was registered with the incorporation of Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1.0 and 0.50 Kg ha−1, respectively) and was statistically superior to other set of experiment during the first year of at 30 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
At 30 DAT in year two, Pretilachlor plus 2,4 DEE matched Pretilachlor alone and exceeded other treatments for weed control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1.0 and 0.50 Kg ha−1, respectively)e2
- Outcome
- statistically bettere1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Comparator
- Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“in the second year of 30 DAT this treatment was at par with the Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1) and statistically better than other chemical treatment practices”
e2“Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1.0 and 0.50 Kg ha−1, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
In year one, Pretilachlor plus 2,4 DEE gave maximum rice grain yield of 5.13 t ha−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5 Kg ha−1, respectively)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 5.13 t ha−1e1
- Comparator
- Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“maximum grain yield of 5.13 t ha−1 was observed in first year with the application of Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5 Kg ha−1, respectively) and was at par with the Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1) (5.7 t ha−1)and hand weeding twice (5.23 tha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor alone yielded 5.7 t ha−1 in year one.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1)e1
- Outcome
- Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1)e1
- Value
- 5.7 t ha−1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“Pretilachlor (1.0 Kg ha −1) (5.7 t ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Twice hand weeding yielded 5.23 tha−1 in year one.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- hand weeding twicee1
- Outcome
- hand weeding twicee1
- Value
- 5.23 tha−1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“hand weeding twice (5.23 tha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
In year two, Pretilachlor plus 2,4 DEE gave the highest grain yield of 4.93t ha−1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5 Kg ha−1, respectively)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 4.93t ha−1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“in second year highest grain yield of 4.93t ha−1 was registered with the application of Pretilachlor fb 2, 4 DEE (1 and 0.5 Kg ha−1, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Anilofos plus 2,4 DEE yielded 4.81 t ha−1 in year two.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Anilofos + 2, 4 DEE (1 + 0.5 Kg ha−1)e1
- Outcome
- Anilofos + 2, 4 DEEe1
- Value
- 4.81 t ha−1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“Anilofos + 2, 4 DEE (1 + 0.5 Kg ha−1) (4.81 t ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Twice hand weeding yielded 5.0 t ha−1 in year two.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- hand weeding twicee1
- Outcome
- hand weeding twicee1
- Value
- 5.0 t ha−1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“hand weeding twice (5.0 t ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Twice hand weeding produced maximum straw yield of 6.80 t in year one.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- hand weeding twicee1
- Outcome
- Straw yielde1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 6.80 te1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“Straw yield was maximum observed with the hand weeding twice (6.80 t and 6.46 t ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Twice hand weeding produced maximum straw yield of 6.46 t ha−1 in year two.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- hand weeding twicee1
- Outcome
- Straw yielde1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 6.46 t ha−1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production of rice”
e1“Straw yield was maximum observed with the hand weeding twice (6.80 t and 6.46 t ha−1)”
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