Abstract
Soft soap at three dosages (3 ml/L, 5 ml/L and 7 ml/L) and abamectin (12.5 mg/100L) were applied to bean plants determine their residual effects on the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis A-H (Acari: Phytoseiidae) later released for the control of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) under laboratory conditions. The contact toxicity of soft soap and abamectin were evaluated and classified according to IOBC(International Organization for Biological Control) standards. The soap at 3 ml/L and 5 ml/L did not supress TSSM populations and could not provide satisfactory control when compared with soap at 7ml/L and abamectin. The efficacy of soap at 5 ml/L with P. persimilis gave sufficient control of TSSM when compared with soap at 3 ml/L with P. persimilis, and the predator alone. Both the soap at 7 ml/L and abamectin in combination with the predatory mite gave satisfactory control of TSSM ,but in the abamectin treatment, the predatory mite population was not observed due to harmful effects of abamectin. However, use of soft soap at suitable dosage, with or without predatory mite, gave encouraging results for controlling TSSM but was moderately toxic at 5 ml/L and 7 ml/L P. persimilis in contact toxicity testing by causing 50.0 % and 42.3 % mortality, respectively, to adulst of P. persimilis. In addition, abamectin at 12.5 and 25 mg/L (ppm) dosages was evaluated as harmful (T) to adults of P. persimilis. Separately, soft soap caused no phytotoxicity to host plants. However, its phytotoxicity needs to be further investigated under greenhouse and field conditions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Soap at 3 ml/L did not suppress spider mites.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- soap at 3 ml/Le0
- Interactor
- TSSMe0pest
- Outcome
- TSSM populationse0
- Direction
- did not supresse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The soap at 3 ml/L and 5 ml/L did not supress TSSM populations”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Soap at 5 ml/L did not suppress spider mites.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- 5 ml/Le0
- Interactor
- TSSMe0pest
- Outcome
- TSSM populationse0
- Direction
- did not supresse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The soap at 3 ml/L and 5 ml/L did not supress TSSM populations”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Soap at 5 ml/L with predator controlled spider mites better than soap at 3 ml/L with predator.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- soap at 5 ml/L with P. persimilise0
- Interactor
- TSSMe0pest
- Second interactor
- P. persimilis
Phytoseiulus persimilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- control of TSSMe0
- Direction
- sufficiente0
- Comparator
- soap at 3 ml/L with P. persimilise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The efficacy of soap at 5 ml/L with P. persimilis gave sufficient control of TSSM when compared with soap at 3 ml/L with P. persimilis, and the predator alone.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Soap at 7 ml/L with predatory mites controlled spider mites satisfactorily.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- soap at 7 ml/Le0
- Interactor
- TSSMe0pest
- Second interactor
- predatory mitee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- control of TSSMe0
- Direction
- satisfactorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Both the soap at 7 ml/L and abamectin in combination with the predatory mite gave satisfactory control of TSSM”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Abamectin with predatory mites controlled spider mites satisfactorily.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- abamectine0
- Interactor
- TSSMe0pest
- Second interactor
- predatory mitee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- control of TSSMe0
- Direction
- satisfactorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Both the soap at 7 ml/L and abamectin in combination with the predatory mite gave satisfactory control of TSSM”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Predatory mites were not observed under abamectin.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- abamectine0
- Interactor
- predatory mitee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- predatory mite population was not observede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“in the abamectin treatment, the predatory mite population was not observed due to harmful effects of abamectin.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Soap at 5 ml/L caused 50.0% adult predator mortality.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- 5 ml/Le0
- Interactor
- P. persimilisPhytoseiulus persimilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mortality, respectively, to adulst of P. persimilise0
- Value
- 50.0 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderately toxic at 5 ml/L and 7 ml/L P. persimilis in contact toxicity testing by causing 50.0 % and 42.3 % mortality, respectively, to adulst of P. persimilis.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Soap at 7 ml/L caused 42.3% adult predator mortality.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- 7 ml/Le0
- Interactor
- P. persimilisPhytoseiulus persimilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mortality, respectively, to adulst of P. persimilise0
- Value
- 42.3 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderately toxic at 5 ml/L and 7 ml/L P. persimilis in contact toxicity testing by causing 50.0 % and 42.3 % mortality, respectively, to adulst of P. persimilis.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Abamectin at 12.5 mg/L was harmful to adult predatory mites.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- abamectin at 12.5e0
- Interactor
- P. persimilisPhytoseiulus persimilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- harmful (T) to adults of P. persimilise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“abamectin at 12.5 and 25 mg/L (ppm) dosages was evaluated as harmful (T) to adults of P. persimilis.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Abamectin at 25 mg/L was harmful to adult predatory mites.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- 25 mg/L (ppm)e0
- Interactor
- P. persimilisPhytoseiulus persimilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- harmful (T) to adults of P. persimilise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“abamectin at 12.5 and 25 mg/L (ppm) dosages was evaluated as harmful (T) to adults of P. persimilis.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Soft soap caused no host plant phytotoxicity.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Separately, soft soap caused no phytotoxicity to host plants.”
The same questions in other papers
abamectin · pest · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.