Abstract
Synthetic hexaploid wheats, created from a durum (Triticum durum) cross to Aegilops tauschii Coss. (McFadden and Sears, 1946), proved to be an efficient and beneficial source of new genes for common bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L). The purpose of this research was to evaluate the potential and performance of synthetic wheat in Texas. Ten elite primary synthetics from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), screened for desirable traits, were backcrossed to two Texas cultivars, TAM 111 and TAM 112. Populations were bulked and modified bulked to advance generations. Agronomic traits related to yield were determined on the F4 and F5 Improvement was observed in South Texas and the Blacklands, which have more disease pressure and fewer intermittent dry spells than another two locations at Chillicothe and Bushland in Texas Rolling and High Plains, respectively. Selected bulks were not superior to non-selected bulks. Head number per unit area had the highest correlation with yield and seed weight was the most heritable trait. Synthetic lines combined better with TAM 111 than TAM 112 in high yielding environments. populations across five Texas locations. Similar to crosses with spring wheat, synthetics contributed to yield through an increase in seed weight. Synthetic populations that produced higher grain yield than both TAM 111 and TAM 112 were able to maintain their large seed size and weight while improving their seed per head and head number traits. Poorer performance in environments with harsh winters could be due to a lack of winter-hardiness in the primary synthetics. This clearly demonstrates that improving yield, through utilization of common wheat by synthetic crosses, could result from selecting for larger seed per head and heads per unit area in lines driven from these populations. Introgression of new genes through synthetic backcrosses could contribute to the improvement of wheat in particular regions of Texas. Primary synthetics and recurrent parents combining for superior hybrids were identified.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Improvement from synthetic wheat was observed in South Texas and the Blacklands.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- Improvemente0
- Setting
- South Texas and the Blacklandse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Improvement was observed in South Texas and the Blacklands”
t0“Winter Wheat (”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected bulks were not superior to non-selected bulks.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Selected bulkse0
- Outcome
- superiore0
- Direction
- not superiore0
- Comparator
- non-selected bulkse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected bulks were not superior to non-selected bulks.”
t0“Winter Wheat (”
Claim · model-written summary
Head number per unit area had the highest correlation with yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- Head number per unit areae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Head number per unit area had the highest correlation with yield”
t0“Winter Wheat (”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed weight was the most heritable trait.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- seed weighte0
- Outcome
- heritable traite0
- Direction
- moste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed weight was the most heritable trait.”
t0“Winter Wheat (”
Claim · model-written summary
Synthetic lines combined better with TAM 111 than TAM 112 in high yielding environments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Synthetic linese0
- Outcome
- combined bettere0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- TAM 112e0
- Setting
- high yielding environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Synthetic lines combined better with TAM 111 than TAM 112 in high yielding environments.”
t0“Winter Wheat (”
Claim · model-written summary
Synthetics increased seed weight, contributing to yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- syntheticse0
- Outcome
- seed weighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“synthetics contributed to yield through an increase in seed weight.”
t0“Winter Wheat (”
Claim · model-written summary
High-yield synthetic populations maintained large seed size and weight while improving seeds per head and head number.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Synthetic populationse0
- Outcome
- seed per head and head number traitse0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Comparator
- TAM 111 and TAM 112e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Synthetic populations that produced higher grain yield than both TAM 111 and TAM 112 were able to maintain their large seed size and weight while improving their seed per head and head number traits.”
t0“Winter Wheat (”