Abstract
1. In a survey to determine the causal viruses of tomato streak, 37 collections of streak diseased tomato plants have been examined by inoculating with carborundum to a series of differential hosts. Of these collections, 25 samples (67 per cent) yielded tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), while 9 samples (24 per cent) yielded TMV combined with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Potato X virus (PXV) combined with either TMV or CMV, and CMV singly were isolated from 1 sample each.2. Of the 25 samples which yielded TMV, 14 samples produced streak disease on tomato plants, and 11 samples produced only mosaic disease without necrosis, under the experimental conditions. The viruses contained in the former 14 samples caused local lesions on tobacco, while the viruses contained in the latter 11 samples were found to consist of 2 strains: one causes local lesions on tobacco, while the other is considered to be identical with ordinary TMV, not causing local lesions on tobacco. Streak diseases were produced on tomatoes by inoculation with TMV combined with CMV, PXV combined with TMV, or PXV combined with CMV, but inoculation to tomatoes with CMV alone, even in the particular CMV isolate obtained singly from a streak diseased tomato plant, resulted in the development of mosaic symptoms only.3. The virus causing local lesions on tobacco was identical with the tomato streak strain of TMV (Ainsworth (1933), Smith (1957)), Marmor tabaci var. canadense (Holmes (1948)), judged from the results of experiments on host range, the mode of transmissions, physical properties, protective inoculation tests with ordinary TMV, and aggulutination reaction on slides with antiserum of ordinary TMV.4. The symptoms caused singly by the virus of the streak strain of TMV were more severe than the symptoms caused by combined TMV and CMV. The symptoms caused by the streak strain consisted of necrotic streaks on stems, leaves and fruit, while the symptoms caused by the combined TMV and CMV consisted of small necrotic lesions on leaves without necrotic streaks on stems and fruit, in many cases being accompanied with severe mosaic, malformation, fern-leaf appearance of upper leaves, and bushy habit of the plant.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco mosaic virus was isolated from 25 of 37 tomato streak collections.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- yielded tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)e0
- Value
- 25 samples (67 per cent)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of these collections, 25 samples (67 per cent) yielded tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
TMV with CMV was isolated from 9 tomato streak collections.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- cucumber mosaic virus
cucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen - Outcome
- yielded TMV combined with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)e0
- Value
- 9 samples (24 per cent)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“9 samples (24 per cent) yielded TMV combined with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
PXV with either TMV or CMV was isolated from one collection.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Potato X virus (PXV)e0pathogen
- Second interactor
- TMV or CMVTobacco mosaic viruscucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Potato X virus (PXV) combined with either TMV or CMVe0
- Value
- 1 sample eache0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato X virus (PXV) combined with either TMV or CMV, and CMV singly were isolated from 1 sample each.”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
CMV alone was isolated from one collection.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- CMVcucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- CMV singly were isolatede0
- Value
- 1 sample eache0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CMV singly were isolated from 1 sample each.”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
Fourteen TMV-positive samples produced streak disease in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- samples which yielded TMVe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- streak diseasee0
- Value
- 14 samplese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the 25 samples which yielded TMV, 14 samples produced streak disease on tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven TMV-positive samples produced only mosaic without necrosis in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- samples which yielded TMVe1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse1pathogen
- Outcome
- mosaic disease without necrosise0
- Value
- 11 samplese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“11 samples produced only mosaic disease without necrosis, under the experimental conditions.”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
e1“Of the 25 samples which yielded TMV”
Claim · model-written summary
Viruses from the 14 streak-producing samples caused local lesions on tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- viruses contained in the former 14 samplese0
- Outcome
- local lesionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The viruses contained in the former 14 samples caused local lesions on tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Viruses from the 11 mosaic-producing samples contained two strains distinguished by tobacco local lesions.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- 2 strainse0
- Value
- 2 strainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the viruses contained in the latter 11 samples were found to consist of 2 strains: one causes local lesions on tobacco, while the other is considered to be identical with ordinary TMV, not causing local lesions on tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The tobacco lesion-producing virus was identified as the tomato streak strain of TMV.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- identical with the tomato streak strain of TMVe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The virus causing local lesions on tobacco was identical with the tomato streak strain of TMV”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined TMV and CMV inoculation produced streak disease in tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculation with TMV combined with CMVe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- CMVcucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Streak diseasese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Streak diseases were produced on tomatoes by inoculation with TMV combined with CMV”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined PXV and TMV inoculation produced streak disease in tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PXV combined with TMVe0
- Interactor
- PXVe0pathogen
- Second interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Streak diseasese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Streak diseases were produced on tomatoes by inoculation with TMV combined with CMV, PXV combined with TMV, or PXV combined with CMV”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined PXV and CMV inoculation produced streak disease in tomatoes.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PXV combined with CMVe0
- Interactor
- PXVe0pathogen
- Second interactor
- CMVcucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Streak diseasese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Streak diseases were produced on tomatoes by inoculation with TMV combined with CMV, PXV combined with TMV, or PXV combined with CMV”
Claim · model-written summary
CMV alone produced only mosaic symptoms in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculation to tomatoes with CMV alonee0
- Interactor
- CMVcucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- mosaic symptoms onlye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation to tomatoes with CMV alone, even in the particular CMV isolate obtained singly from a streak diseased tomato plant, resulted in the development of mosaic symptoms only”
Claim · model-written summary
The TMV streak strain caused more severe symptoms than combined TMV and CMV.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- streak strain of TMVe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- CMVcucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- symptomse0
- Direction
- more severee0
- Comparator
- combined TMV and CMVe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The symptoms caused singly by the virus of the streak strain of TMV were more severe than the symptoms caused by combined TMV and CMV.”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
The TMV streak strain produced necrotic streaks on tomato stems, leaves and fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse1pathogen
- Outcome
- necrotic streaks on stems, leaves and fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The symptoms caused by the streak strain consisted of necrotic streaks on stems, leaves and fruit”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
e1“virus of the streak strain of TMV”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined TMV and CMV produced small leaf lesions and often severe mosaic, malformation, fern-leaf upper leaves and bushy habit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- CMVcucumber mosaic cucumoviruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- small necrotic lesions on leaves without necrotic streaks on stems and fruite0
- Qualifier
- severe mosaic, malformation, fern-leaf appearance of upper leaves, and bushy habit of the plante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the symptoms caused by the combined TMV and CMV consisted of small necrotic lesions on leaves without necrotic streaks on stems and fruit, in many cases being accompanied with severe mosaic, malformation, fern-leaf appearance of upper leaves, and bushy habit of the plant.”
t0“tomato streak diseases”
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