Paper · 2016 · International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi species associated with rhizosphere of Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels in Morocco

Laboratoire de Botanique, Biotechnologie et Protection des Plantes, Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, B. P. 133, Université Ibn Tofail, Kénitra, Moroc; Zineb Sellal

8
claims
23
verbatim quotes
18
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The identification and the evaluation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the level of the root mycorhization were performed respectively from spores isolated from soil samplings and roots preleaved from the argan tree rhizosphere of seven sites in the region of Essaouira, Agadir, Taroudant and Tiznit (southwest Morocco). Analysis of the results revealed the presence in all samples of different characteristic of arbuscular endomycorrhizal structures. The frequency of mycorrhization was complete at Taroudant sites and Toufalazte (F = 100%) and between 50% and 33.33% in the Tamanar, Ait Melloul and Tiznit sites. The mycorrhizal intensity is high at the site of Toufalazte (57%) and low in Ait Melloul sites and Tiznit (between 1.83% and 1.93). Furthermore, the arbuscular contents are higher at the site of Toufalazte (24.16%) and lowest in the site of Tiznit (0.082%). The vesicular contents ranged from 0.21% (Ait Melloul) and 34.14% (Toufalazte). The density of spores in the rhizosphere of Argania spinosa also varied between 188 spores / 100 g soil (Toufalazte), and 28 and 44 spores / 100g of soil (Tiznit and Ait Melloul). The identification of isolated spores allowed to note the presence of 26 species of mycorrhizal fungi, divided into five genera (Glomus Scutellospora, Entrophospora, Pacispora, Gigaspora). Glomus etunicatum is the most abundant species, its frequency of occurrence reached 16.26%.

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Claims 8

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Arbuscular endomycorrhizal structures were found in every sample.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
arbuscular endomycorrhizale0symbiont
Outcome
presence in all samples of different characteristic of arbuscular endomycorrhizal structurese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“presence in all samples of different characteristic of arbuscular endomycorrhizal structures”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 360–452 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhization frequency reached 100% at Taroudant and Toufalazte.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie1symbionte0
Outcome
frequency of mycorrhizatione0
Value
100%e0
Setting
Taroudant sites and Toufalaztee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The frequency of mycorrhization was complete at Taroudant sites and Toufalazte (F = 100%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 454–543 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑
e1

“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–69 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhization frequency was 33.33–50% at Tamanar, Ait Melloul and Tiznit.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie2symbionte0
Outcome
frequency of mycorrhizatione1
Value
50% and 33.33%e0
Setting
Tamanar, Ait Melloul and Tiznit sitese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“between 50% and 33.33% in the Tamanar, Ait Melloul and Tiznit sites”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 548–615 · show in text ↑
e1

“The frequency of mycorrhization”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 454–485 · show in text ↑
e2

“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–69 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhizal intensity was highest at Toufalazte, at 57%.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie1symbionte0
Outcome
mycorrhizal intensitye0
Value
57%e0
Setting
Toufalaztee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The mycorrhizal intensity is high at the site of Toufalazte (57%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–682 · show in text ↑
e1

“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–69 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Arbuscular content was higher at Toufalazte at 24.16%.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie1symbionte0
Outcome
arbuscular contentse0
Direction
highere0
Value
24.16%e0
Setting
Toufalaztee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the arbuscular contents are higher at the site of Toufalazte (24.16%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 762–831 · show in text ↑
e1

“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–69 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Arbuscular content was lowest at Tiznit at 0.082%.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie2symbionte0
Outcome
arbuscular contentse1
Direction
loweste0
Value
0.082%e0
Setting
Tiznite0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“lowest in the site of Tiznit (0.082%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 836–873 · show in text ↑
e1

“the arbuscular contents”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 762–785 · show in text ↑
e2

“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–69 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The rhizosphere contained 26 mycorrhizal species across five genera.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
Outcome
species of mycorrhizal fungie0
Value
26 speciese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“presence of 26 species of mycorrhizal fungi, divided into five genera (Glomus Scutellospora, Entrophospora, Pacispora, Gigaspora)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1193–1322 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Glomus etunicatum was the most abundant species with 16.26% occurrence.

Taxon
Argania spinosaSideroxylon spinosumt0
Interactor
Glomus etunicatume0symbiont
Outcome
frequency of occurrencee0
Value
16.26%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sideroxylon spinosum
Sideroxylon spinosum · TaxonBjørn Christian Tørrissen · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Glomus etunicatum is the most abundant species, its frequency of occurrence reached 16.26%.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1324–1415 · show in text ↑
t0

“Argania spinosa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–83 · show in text ↑