Abstract
The success of the intercropping among cultivated species depends on the adoption of practices that provide, in due course, greater competitive ability of a species over another. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of glyphosate herbicide in the suppression of Brachiaria (signalgrass) intercropped with maize. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 5 x 2 + 2 factorial arrangement, the first factor corresponding to the doses of glyphosate (48, 96, 144, 240, 480 g ha-1 of the acid equivalent (a.e)) and the second one to the vegetative stages of the signalgrass at the time of application (2 and 4 tillers). Two controls were added to the treatment list, comprising controls without herbicide application and hand removal of the signalgrass. The number of plants, tillers and dry matter of signalgrass was reduced with glyphosate. The increase of the glyphosate doses enhanced the injure to the forage plants, mainly when the compound was sprayed at the two-tiller vegetative stage. The dry matter of maize plants increased proportionally to the glyphosate dose. However, the height of the maize plants was not affected. The grain mass and productivity of maize grain increased with increasing dose of glyphosate. The maize yield was negatively influenced on the untreated control. Glyphosate at 96 and 144 g ha-1, when applied at 2 and 4 tiller stage, respectively, reduces the growth of signalgrass and does not affect the maize grain yield.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate reduced the number of plants, tillers and dry matter of signalgrass compared with controls without herbicide.
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- signalgrasse1weed
- Outcome
- number of plants, tillers and dry matter of signalgrasse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- controls without herbicide applicatione2
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e1“The number of plants, tillers and dry matter of signalgrass was reduced with glyphosate”
e2“Two controls were added to the treatment list, comprising controls without herbicide application and hand removal of the signalgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing glyphosate doses enhanced injury to the forage plants, mainly when sprayed at the two-tiller vegetative stage.
- Organ / stage
- two-tiller vegetative stagee3
- Treatment
- increase of the glyphosate dosese3
- Outcome
- injure to the forage plantse3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Qualifier
- mainly when the compound was sprayed at the two-tiller vegetative stagee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e3“The increase of the glyphosate doses enhanced the injure to the forage plants, mainly when the compound was sprayed at the two-tiller vegetative stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter of maize plants increased proportionally with glyphosate dose.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e4“The dry matter of maize plants increased proportionally to the glyphosate dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate did not affect the height of maize plants.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e5“However, the height of the maize plants was not affected”
e3“The increase of the glyphosate doses enhanced the injure to the forage plants, mainly when the compound was sprayed at the two-tiller vegetative stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain mass and productivity of maize grain increased with increasing glyphosate dose.
- Treatment
- increasing dose of glyphosatee6
- Outcome
- grain mass and productivity of maize graine6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e6“The grain mass and productivity of maize grain increased with increasing dose of glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield was negatively influenced on the untreated control compared with glyphosate treatments.
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- maize yielde7
- Direction
- negatively influencede7
- Comparator
- untreated controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e7“The maize yield was negatively influenced on the untreated control”
e1“The number of plants, tillers and dry matter of signalgrass was reduced with glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 96 and 144 g ha-1 applied at the 2 and 4 tiller stage reduced the growth of signalgrass.
- Organ / stage
- 2 and 4 tiller stagee0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate at 96 and 144 g ha-1e0
- Interactor
- signalgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- growth of signalgrasse0
- Direction
- reducese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e0“Glyphosate at 96 and 144 g ha-1, when applied at 2 and 4 tiller stage, respectively, reduces the growth of signalgrass and does not affect the maize grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 96 and 144 g ha-1 did not affect the maize grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Herbicide-Resistant Maize”
e0“Glyphosate at 96 and 144 g ha-1, when applied at 2 and 4 tiller stage, respectively, reduces the growth of signalgrass and does not affect the maize grain yield”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
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- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 25 papers →glyphosate · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
73 papers more in this group
See all 77 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.