Abstract
Maize streak virus (MSV) is a single-stranded DNA virus and type member of subgroup I of the Geminiviridae, members of which have been considered generally as viruses limited to phloem tissues. We have studied this characteristic and the extent of MSV penetration into the shoot apical meristem of maize using immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques. This approach has been used to investigate the suggestion that host cell division might be required for the replication of MSV. The results show that, within the shoot apex, MSV is present only in the vascular tissues and does not invade the apical meristem. In mature leaves, virus is located only in areas of the leaf displaying the characteristic chlorotic streak symptoms of infection and, in contrast to the situation in apical and stem tissues, it is no longer restricted to the vasculature. Viral coat protein and both positive and negative strands of the DNA genome were found in mesophyll, vascular-associated parenchyma, and bundle sheath cells of the leaf. MSV was not usually found in nonphotosynthetic tissues outside of the vasculature. Localization of both double-stranded viral DNA and transcripts encoding proteins involved in virus replication identified cells in which virus replication was active. Further spatial comparison with the distribution of transcripts of histone H2b, an S-phase specific gene, implied that host DNA replication was not essential for viral replication.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Within the shoot apex, Maize streak virus is present only in the vascular tissues and does not invade the apical meristem.
- Organ / stage
- shoot apexe1
- Interactor
- Maize streak virus
Maize streak viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- present only in the vascular tissuese1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize streak virus (MSV)”
e1“within the shoot apex, MSV is present only in the vascular tissues and does not invade the apical meristem”
e2“shoot apical meristem of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
In mature leaves, Maize streak virus is located only in areas with chlorotic streak symptoms and is no longer restricted to the vasculature.
- Organ / stage
- mature leavese3
- Interactor
- Maize streak virusMaize streak viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- virus is located only in areas of the leafe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize streak virus (MSV)”
e2“shoot apical meristem of maize”
e3“In mature leaves, virus is located only in areas of the leaf displaying the characteristic chlorotic streak symptoms of infection and, in contrast to the situation in apical and stem tissues, it is no longer restricted to the vasculature”
Claim · model-written summary
Viral coat protein and both strands of the viral DNA genome were found in mesophyll, vascular-associated parenchyma and bundle sheath cells of the maize leaf.
- Organ / stage
- mesophyll, vascular-associated parenchyma, and bundle sheath cellse4
- Interactor
- Maize streak virusMaize streak viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- Viral coat protein and both positive and negative strands of the DNA genomee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize streak virus (MSV)”
e2“shoot apical meristem of maize”
e4“Viral coat protein and both positive and negative strands of the DNA genome were found in mesophyll, vascular-associated parenchyma, and bundle sheath cells of the leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize streak virus was not usually found in nonphotosynthetic tissues outside the vasculature.
- Organ / stage
- nonphotosynthetic tissues outside of the vasculaturee5
- Interactor
- Maize streak virusMaize streak viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- not usually founde5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize streak virus (MSV)”
e2“shoot apical meristem of maize”
e5“MSV was not usually found in nonphotosynthetic tissues outside of the vasculature”
Claim · model-written summary
Localization of viral DNA and replication transcripts identified maize cells in which Maize streak virus replication was active.
- Interactor
- Maize streak virusMaize streak viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- cells in which virus replication was activee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize streak virus (MSV)”
e2“shoot apical meristem of maize”
e6“Localization of both double-stranded viral DNA and transcripts encoding proteins involved in virus replication identified cells in which virus replication was active”
Claim · model-written summary
The distribution of histone H2b transcripts implied that host DNA replication is not essential for Maize streak virus replication in maize.
- Interactor
- Maize streak virusMaize streak viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- histone H2be7
- Outcome
- host DNA replication was not essential for viral replicatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize streak virus (MSV)”
e2“shoot apical meristem of maize”
e7“Further spatial comparison with the distribution of transcripts of histone H2b, an S-phase specific gene, implied that host DNA replication was not essential for viral replication”