Abstract
The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields of Hamedan province was studied. As a result, the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Considering the serious damage of this pathogen that can not be easily controlled by cultural and chemical control methods, alternative approaches such as biocontrol method using five species of Trichoderma including T. ceramicum, T. koningii, T. koningiopsis, T. virens, T. viridescens and one isolate of Coniothyrium minitans were evaluated against this pathogen. All mentioned biocontrol agents caused some control on the pathogen in vitro. In assessment of the effect of volatile metabolites on pathogen growth rate, the most inhibition percent was realized about T. koningiopsis with 56% and in case of extracellular compounds, the most inhibition percent in concentrations of 15 and 30% were showed T. ceramicum as 69% and 53%, respectively. In dual culture, T. koningiopsis, T. viridescens and T. ceramicum prevented sclerotia formation as such. They also grew and sporulated on the pathogen mycelia. In assessment of the affect of spore suspension of the biological agents on myceliogenic germination of sclerotia, the most inhibition was observed in T. ceramicum and T. koningiopsis and the less inhibition was in T. virens and Coniothyrium minitans. T. ceramicum, T. koningiopsis and T. viridescens are recently described Trichoderma spp. and this study is the first assessment of their biocontrol effect on plant diseases in Iran.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was the causal agent of the potato stem drying and early death.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Sclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen - Outcome
- causal agent of the diseasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
All biocontrol agents caused some in vitro control of the pathogen.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- biocontrol agentse2
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Coniothyrium minitans
Paraphaeosphaeria minitanse3biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- control on the pathogene2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e2“All mentioned biocontrol agents caused some control on the pathogen in vitro”
e3“one isolate of Coniothyrium minitans”
Claim · model-written summary
Volatile metabolites of T. koningiopsis gave the highest pathogen growth inhibition (56%).
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- volatile metabolitese4
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. koningiopsisTrichoderma koningiopsise4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- pathogen growth ratee4
- Direction
- most inhibition percente4
- Value
- 56%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e4“In assessment of the effect of volatile metabolites on pathogen growth rate, the most inhibition percent was realized about T. koningiopsis with 56%”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracellular compounds of T. ceramicum gave 69% inhibition at 15% concentration.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- extracellular compoundse5
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. ceramicumTrichoderma ceramicume5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- inhibition percente5
- Direction
- moste5
- Value
- 69%e5
- Qualifier
- in concentrations of 15 and 30%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e5“in case of extracellular compounds, the most inhibition percent in concentrations of 15 and 30% were showed T. ceramicum as 69% and 53%”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracellular compounds of T. ceramicum gave 53% inhibition at 30% concentration.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- extracellular compoundse5
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. ceramicumTrichoderma ceramicume5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- inhibition percente5
- Direction
- moste5
- Value
- 53%e5
- Qualifier
- in concentrations of 15 and 30%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e5“in case of extracellular compounds, the most inhibition percent in concentrations of 15 and 30% were showed T. ceramicum as 69% and 53%”
Claim · model-written summary
T. koningiopsis in dual culture prevented sclerotia formation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- dual culturee6
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. koningiopsisTrichoderma koningiopsise6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- sclerotia formatione6
- Direction
- preventede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e6“In dual culture, T. koningiopsis, T. viridescens and T. ceramicum prevented sclerotia formation as such”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viridescens in dual culture prevented sclerotia formation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- dual culturee6
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. viridescensTrichoderma viridescense6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- sclerotia formatione6
- Direction
- preventede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e6“In dual culture, T. koningiopsis, T. viridescens and T. ceramicum prevented sclerotia formation as such”
Claim · model-written summary
T. ceramicum in dual culture prevented sclerotia formation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- dual culturee6
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. ceramicumTrichoderma ceramicume6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- sclerotia formatione6
- Direction
- preventede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e6“In dual culture, T. koningiopsis, T. viridescens and T. ceramicum prevented sclerotia formation as such”
Claim · model-written summary
The Trichoderma spp. grew and sporulated on the pathogen mycelia.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Outcome
- grew and sporulated on the pathogen myceliae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e7“They also grew and sporulated on the pathogen mycelia”
Claim · model-written summary
T. ceramicum gave the most inhibition of myceliogenic germination of sclerotia.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- spore suspension of the biological agentse2
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. ceramicumTrichoderma ceramicume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- myceliogenic germination of sclerotiae2
- Direction
- most inhibitione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e2“In assessment of the affect of spore suspension of the biological agents on myceliogenic germination of sclerotia, the most inhibition was observed in T. ceramicum and T. koningiopsis and the less inhibition was in T. virens and Coniothyrium minitans”
Claim · model-written summary
T. koningiopsis gave the most inhibition of myceliogenic germination of sclerotia.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- spore suspension of the biological agentse2
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. koningiopsisTrichoderma koningiopsise2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- myceliogenic germination of sclerotiae2
- Direction
- most inhibitione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e2“In assessment of the affect of spore suspension of the biological agents on myceliogenic germination of sclerotia, the most inhibition was observed in T. ceramicum and T. koningiopsis and the less inhibition was in T. virens and Coniothyrium minitans”
Claim · model-written summary
T. virens gave less inhibition of myceliogenic germination of sclerotia.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- spore suspension of the biological agentse2
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. virensTrichoderma virense2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- myceliogenic germination of sclerotiae2
- Direction
- less inhibitione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e2“In assessment of the affect of spore suspension of the biological agents on myceliogenic germination of sclerotia, the most inhibition was observed in T. ceramicum and T. koningiopsis and the less inhibition was in T. virens and Coniothyrium minitans”
Claim · model-written summary
Coniothyrium minitans gave less inhibition of myceliogenic germination of sclerotia.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- spore suspension of the biological agentse2
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Coniothyrium minitansParaphaeosphaeria minitanse2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- myceliogenic germination of sclerotiae2
- Direction
- less inhibitione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields”
e1“the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e2“In assessment of the affect of spore suspension of the biological agents on myceliogenic germination of sclerotia, the most inhibition was observed in T. ceramicum and T. koningiopsis and the less inhibition was in T. virens and Coniothyrium minitans”
The same questions in other papers
metabolite · Sclerotinia sclerotiorum · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.