Paper · 1958 · Japanese Journal of Crop Science

Changes of Weed Communities by Methods of Cultivation in Winter Cropping on Drained Paddy Fields : (1) Influence of plowing time on the structure of weed communities and the quantity of weeds

Masao ARAI; Takayoshi KATAOKA

6
claims
7
verbatim quotes
0
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

1) The structure of weed community was changed with plowing time. The quantity of weeds decreased strikingly as the plowing time was delayed (Fig. 1). The relative intensity of influence of two factors (viable seeds population and emergence percentage) on the population of emergence was varied (Fig. 2). As the plowing is delayed, decrease in emergence percentage becomes more influencial in decreasing weed population, because the emergence percentage is closely related with air temperature (Fig. 3). 2) As the growth and yield of wheat are found to be scarcely effected by the delay of seeding time, it can be an effective method of weed control in wheat and barley cultivation in warm regions to regulate the seeding time according to the weed-density.

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Claims 6

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plowing time changed the structure of the weed community.

Taxon
weed communitye1
Treatment
plowing timee1
Outcome
structure of weed communitye1

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e1

“The structure of weed community was changed with plowing time”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–64 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed quantity decreased strikingly as plowing was delayed.

Taxon
weedse2
Treatment
plowing time was delayede2
Outcome
quantity of weedse2
Direction
decreasede2
Qualifier
strikinglye2

Verbatim

e2

“The quantity of weeds decreased strikingly as the plowing time was delayed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 66–140 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The relative influence of viable seed population and emergence percentage on the population of emergence varied.

Taxon
weed communitye1
Treatment
viable seeds population and emergence percentagee3
Outcome
population of emergencee3

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e1

“The structure of weed community was changed with plowing time”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3–64 · show in text ↑
e3

“The relative intensity of influence of two factors (viable seeds population and emergence percentage) on the population of emergence was varied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 151–294 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

As plowing was delayed, the decline in emergence percentage became a stronger driver of weed population decrease, which the authors attribute to emergence percentage being closely related to air temperature.

Taxon
weede4
Treatment
plowing is delayede4
Outcome
weed populatione4
Qualifier
emergence percentage is closely related with air temperaturee4

Verbatim

e4

“As the plowing is delayed, decrease in emergence percentage becomes more influencial in decreasing weed population, because the emergence percentage is closely related with air temperature”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 305–493 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Growth and yield of wheat were scarcely affected by delaying seeding time.

Treatment
delay of seeding timee5
Outcome
growth and yielde5
Direction
no_changeinferrede5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“As the growth and yield of wheat are found to be scarcely effected by the delay of seeding time”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 507–602 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Regulating seeding time according to weed density is an effective weed control method for wheat and barley in warm regions.

Treatment
regulate the seeding time according to the weed-densitye6
Outcome
weed controle6
Setting
warm regionse6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“it can be an effective method of weed control in wheat and barley cultivation in warm regions to regulate the seeding time according to the weed-density”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 604–756 · show in text ↑

sowing time · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

462 papers: 266 positive, 196 negative or no effect

195 papers in the same direction as this paper · 266 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.