Abstract
The small brown planthopper( SBPH),Laodelphax striatellus Fallen( Homoptera: Delphacide),is a serious pest of rice( Oryza sativa L.) in China. To elucidate the physiological basis of the resistance of rice to SBPH,we measured some physiological indices in rice seedlings infested by 0,5,10 and 20 of these pests per seedling for 3 d and 6 d. The results show that although chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all the tested rice varieties this trend was much greater in the susceptible than in the resistant varieties. Levels of chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein in susceptible varieties were significantly different at different densities and durations of SBPH infestation. Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively. The activity of peroxidase( POD) significantly increased and that of catalase( CAT) decreased with increasing density and duration of SBPH infestation in all four rice varieties. Defensive enzymes increased in response to SBPH infestation significantly earlier in resistant than in susceptible varieties. Free proline and malondialdehyde( MDA) increased with the density and duration of SBPH infestation in all four varieties. However, although the increase in free proline was greater in resistant varieties than in susceptible ones the converse was true for MDA.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll, soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all tested rice varieties under SBPH infestation, more so in susceptible than in resistant varieties.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Interactor
- small brown planthopper
Laodelphax striatelluse3pest - Outcome
- chlorophyll,soluble sugars and proteine1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Qualifier
- tended toe1
- Comparator
- resistant varietiese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results show that although chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all the tested rice varieties this trend was much greater in the susceptible than in the resistant varieties”
e3“The small brown planthopper( SBPH),Laodelphax striatellus Fallen( Homoptera: Delphacide),is a serious pest of rice( Oryza sativa L.) in China”
Claim · model-written summary
Levels of chlorophyll, soluble sugars and protein in susceptible varieties differed significantly across SBPH densities and infestation durations.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- susceptible varietiese4
- Treatment
- different densities and durations of SBPH infestatione4
- Interactor
- SBPHe4pest
- Outcome
- Levels of chlorophyll,soluble sugars and proteine4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results show that although chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all the tested rice varieties this trend was much greater in the susceptible than in the resistant varieties”
e4“Levels of chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein in susceptible varieties were significantly different at different densities and durations of SBPH infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of Wuyujing 3 seedlings decreased by 46.0% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Wuyujing 3e5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente5
- Direction
- decreasee5
- Value
- 46. 0%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of Kinmaze seedlings decreased by 46.0% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Kinmazee5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente5
- Direction
- decreasee5
- Value
- 46. 0%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of DV85 seedlings decreased by 2.3% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- DV85e5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente5
- Direction
- decreasee5
- Value
- 2. 3%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of Mudgo seedlings decreased by 2.1% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Mudgoe5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente5
- Direction
- decreasee5
- Value
- 2. 1%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugars of Wuyujing 3 seedlings decreased by 55.5% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Wuyujing 3e5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 55. 5%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugars of Kinmaze seedlings decreased by 46.3% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Kinmazee5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 46. 3%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugars of DV85 seedlings decreased by 9.2% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- DV85e5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 9. 2%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugars of Mudgo seedlings decreased by 11.7% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Mudgoe5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 11. 7%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble protein of Wuyujing 3 seedlings decreased by 22.3% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Wuyujing 3e5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble proteine6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 22. 3%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble protein of Kinmaze seedlings decreased by 29.5% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Kinmazee5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble proteine6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 29. 5%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble protein of DV85 seedlings decreased by 8.5% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- DV85e5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble proteine6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 8. 5%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble protein of Mudgo seedlings decreased by 6.7% after infestation with 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Material
- Mudgoe5
- Treatment
- 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 de5
- Interactor
- SBPHe5pest
- Outcome
- soluble proteine6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 6. 7%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Rice seedlings of the Wuyujing 3,Kinmaze,DV85 and Mudgo varieties infested by 20 SBPH per seedling for 6 d displayed a decrease in chlorophyll content of 46. 0%,46. 0%,2. 3% and 2. 1%,respectively”
e6“whereas soluble sugars in the above four varieties decreased by 55. 5%,46. 3%,9. 2% and 11. 7% and soluble protein by 22. 3%,29. 5%, 8. 5% and 6. 7%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Peroxidase (POD) activity increased significantly with increasing SBPH density and infestation duration in all four rice varieties.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- increasing density and duration of SBPH infestatione2
- Interactor
- SBPHe2pest
- Outcome
- activity of peroxidase( POD)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The activity of peroxidase( POD) significantly increased and that of catalase( CAT) decreased with increasing density and duration of SBPH infestation in all four rice varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase (CAT) activity decreased with increasing SBPH density and infestation duration in all four rice varieties.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- increasing density and duration of SBPH infestatione2
- Interactor
- SBPHe2pest
- Outcome
- catalase( CAT)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The activity of peroxidase( POD) significantly increased and that of catalase( CAT) decreased with increasing density and duration of SBPH infestation in all four rice varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Defensive enzymes increased earlier in resistant than in susceptible rice varieties under SBPH infestation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- resistante2
- Treatment
- SBPH infestatione2
- Interactor
- SBPHe2pest
- Outcome
- Defensive enzymese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- significantly earliere2
- Comparator
- susceptible varietiese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results show that although chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all the tested rice varieties this trend was much greater in the susceptible than in the resistant varieties”
e2“Defensive enzymes increased in response to SBPH infestation significantly earlier in resistant than in susceptible varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Free proline and MDA increased with the density and duration of SBPH infestation in all four rice varieties.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- the density and duration of SBPH infestatione2
- Interactor
- SBPHe2pest
- Outcome
- Free proline and malondialdehyde( MDA)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Free proline and malondialdehyde( MDA) increased with the density and duration of SBPH infestation in all four varieties”
e1“The results show that although chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all the tested rice varieties this trend was much greater in the susceptible than in the resistant varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in free proline under SBPH infestation was greater in resistant than in susceptible rice varieties.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- resistant varietiese2
- Outcome
- the increase in free prolinee2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Comparator
- susceptible onese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results show that although chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all the tested rice varieties this trend was much greater in the susceptible than in the resistant varieties”
e2“However, although the increase in free proline was greater in resistant varieties than in susceptible ones the converse was true for MDA”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in MDA under SBPH infestation was higher in susceptible than in resistant rice varieties.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- MDAe2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Qualifier
- the converse was truee2
- Comparator
- resistant varietiese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results show that although chlorophyll,soluble sugars and protein tended to decrease in all the tested rice varieties this trend was much greater in the susceptible than in the resistant varieties”
e2“However, although the increase in free proline was greater in resistant varieties than in susceptible ones the converse was true for MDA”