Abstract
The direct,maternal and cytoplasm effects of seven kernel traits were studied by genetic model for diploid plant seeds using 5 inbreds and their F1,F2,BC1 and BC2 generations The estimates of genetic variance components indicated that maternal additive genetic effects were the main ones,and the effects of direct dominance and maternal dorminance were smaller,and cytoplasm had no effects,but environmenta1 factors had highly significant ones for all traits except for kernel thick,Except for the variance between the direct dominance and maternal dominance effects for kernel 1ength,all other ones between direct and maternal effect were small and not significant.So,maize inbreds could be developed by direct selection based on maternal plants for these traits.S 22 was the best inbred for kernel weight improvement,but No1,No2,No3 Were not suitable for this purpose.Relationships between 100-kernel weight of three different ear parts on direct dominance,maternal additive,maternal dominance effects and error were all significant positive correlations.In inbred development,direct selection for types with high kernel width could make it easier to obtain high kernel weight genetic materials.Using parents with high kernel width and kernel thick it is benefinial to produce crosses with high kerne weight.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Maternal additive effects were the main genetic effects on seven maize kernel traits.
- Outcome
- maternal additive genetic effectse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“maternal additive genetic effects were the main ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct and maternal dominance effects on maize kernel traits were smaller.
- Outcome
- effects of direct dominance and maternal dorminancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“the effects of direct dominance and maternal dorminance were smaller”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytoplasm had no effect on maize kernel traits.
- Outcome
- cytoplasm had no effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“cytoplasm had no effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Environmental factors had highly significant effects on maize kernel traits except kernel thickness.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“environmenta1 factors had highly significant ones for all traits except for kernel thick”
Claim · model-written summary
Most direct and maternal effect covariances in maize were small and nonsignificant, except direct and maternal dominance for kernel length.
- Outcome
- variance between the direct dominance and maternal dominance effectse0
- Qualifier
- kernel 1engthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“Except for the variance between the direct dominance and maternal dominance effects for kernel 1ength,all other ones between direct and maternal effect were small and not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
S 22 was the best inbred for improving maize kernel weight.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“S 22 was the best inbred for kernel weight improvement”
Claim · model-written summary
No1, No2 and No3 were unsuitable for maize kernel weight improvement.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“No1,No2,No3 Were not suitable for this purpose”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize 100-kernel weight in three ear parts positively correlated with direct dominance, maternal additive and maternal dominance effects and error.
- Organ / stage
- ear partse0
- Outcome
- 100-kernel weighte0
- Direction
- positive correlationse0
- Qualifier
- direct dominance,maternal additive,maternal dominance effects and errore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“Relationships between 100-kernel weight of three different ear parts on direct dominance,maternal additive,maternal dominance effects and error were all significant positive correlations”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend direct selection on maternal plants when developing maize inbreds for these kernel traits.
- Outcome
- direct selection based on maternal plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“maize inbreds could be developed by direct selection based on maternal plants for these traits”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend selecting high kernel width to obtain maize material with high kernel weight.
- Outcome
- direct selection for types with high kernel widthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“direct selection for types with high kernel width could make it easier to obtain high kernel weight genetic materials”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend parents with high kernel width and thickness for crosses with high maize kernel weight.
- Outcome
- Using parents with high kernel width and kernel thicke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e0“Using parents with high kernel width and kernel thick it is benefinial to produce crosses with high kerne weight”