Abstract
A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic mulches and tillage practices on growth, yield of cluster bean and soil physical properties. Experiment was comprised of two factors: A (Tillage), B (Mulches). Factor A was assigned to main plot and consisted of two treatments (Minimum tillage and Conventional tillage). Factor B was assigned to sub plot and consisted of four treatments (no mulch, wheat straw mulch, grass clipping mulch and saw dust mulch). The mulching materials were partially incorporated in the field after germination of crop. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having three replications. Control treatment was kept for comparison. All other agronomic practices were kept standardized and consistent for all the treatments. Data regarding growth and yield components were collected and analyzed statistically by fisher analysis of variance and treatment significance was measured by significant difference test at 5% probability level. The factors, tillage and mulches significantly affected growth, yield, yield parameters and soil physical properties. Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage. Mulches also affected grain yield, and maximum grain yield was recorded in wheat straw mulch (1.88 t•ha-1) followed by grass clipping mulch (1.81 t•ha-1) and saw dust mulch (1.76 t•ha-1) while minimum grain yield was recorded in control without mulch application (1.67 t•ha-1). Tillage and mulches interactively affect pH, soil organic matter contents, electrical conductivity and soil bulk density. Mulches and minimum tillage improved soil physical properties. Highest BCR was obtained from conventional tillage without mulch and lowest calculated from minimum tillage with saw dust application. The conclusion is that the mulching and conventional tillage improves cluster bean yield about 1%.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
plant population was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 31.7 m2.
- Taxon
- cluster bean
Cyamopsis tetragonolobae6 - Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- plant populatione0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 31.7 m2e0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
plant height was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 159 cm.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 159 cme0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
branches per plant was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 18.9.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- branches per plante0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 18.9e0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
cluster per plant was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 15.88.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- cluster per plante0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 15.88e0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
grains per pod was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 7.3.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- grains per pode0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 7.3e0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
1000-grain weight was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 34.6 g.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 34.6 ge0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
grain yield was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 1.9 t•ha-1.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 1.9 t•ha-1e0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
biological yield was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 9.91 t•ha-1.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 9.91 t•ha-1e0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
harvest index was highest under conventional tillage compared with minimum tillage in cluster bean, 19.15.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 19.15e0
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e0“Maximum plant population (31.7 m2), plant height (159 cm), branches per plant (18.9), cluster per plant (15.88), grains per pod (7.3), 1000-grain weight (34.6 g), grain yield (1.9 t•ha-1), biological yield (9.91 t•ha-1) and harvest index (19.15) was recorded in conventional tillage comparative to minimum tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw mulch gave the highest grain yield in cluster bean, 1.88 t•ha-1, compared with control without mulch application.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- wheat straw mulche1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- Maximume1
- Value
- 1.88 t•ha-1e1
- Comparator
- control without mulch applicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e1“Maximum grain yield was recorded in wheat straw mulch (1.88 t•ha-1) followed by grass clipping mulch (1.81 t•ha-1) and saw dust mulch (1.76 t•ha-1) while minimum grain yield was recorded in control without mulch application (1.67 t•ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass clipping mulch gave a higher grain yield in cluster bean, 1.81 t•ha-1, than control without mulch application.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- grass clipping mulche1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 1.81 t•ha-1e1
- Comparator
- control without mulch applicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e1“Maximum grain yield was recorded in wheat straw mulch (1.88 t•ha-1) followed by grass clipping mulch (1.81 t•ha-1) and saw dust mulch (1.76 t•ha-1) while minimum grain yield was recorded in control without mulch application (1.67 t•ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Saw dust mulch gave a higher grain yield in cluster bean, 1.76 t•ha-1, than control without mulch application.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- saw dust mulche1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 1.76 t•ha-1e1
- Comparator
- control without mulch applicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e1“Maximum grain yield was recorded in wheat straw mulch (1.88 t•ha-1) followed by grass clipping mulch (1.81 t•ha-1) and saw dust mulch (1.76 t•ha-1) while minimum grain yield was recorded in control without mulch application (1.67 t•ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Control without mulch application gave the minimum grain yield in cluster bean, 1.67 t•ha-1.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- control without mulch applicatione1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- minimume1
- Value
- 1.67 t•ha-1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e1“while minimum grain yield was recorded in control without mulch application (1.67 t•ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and mulches significantly affected growth, yield, yield parameters and soil physical properties of cluster bean.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- tillage and mulchese7
- Outcome
- growth, yield, yield parameters and soil physical propertiese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e7“The factors, tillage and mulches significantly affected growth, yield, yield parameters and soil physical properties”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and mulches interactively affect soil pH, soil organic matter contents and electrical conductivity in the cluster bean field.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- Tillage and mulchese2
- Outcome
- pH, soil organic matter contents, electrical conductivitye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e2“Tillage and mulches interactively affect pH, soil organic matter contents, electrical conductivity and soil bulk density”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and mulches interactively affect soil bulk density in the cluster bean field.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- Tillage and mulchese2
- Outcome
- soil bulk densitye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e2“Tillage and mulches interactively affect pH, soil organic matter contents, electrical conductivity and soil bulk density”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulches and minimum tillage improved soil physical properties in the cluster bean field.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- Mulches and minimum tillagee3
- Outcome
- soil physical propertiese3
- Direction
- improvede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e3“Mulches and minimum tillage improved soil physical properties”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was obtained from conventional tillage without mulch in cluster bean.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- conventional tillage without mulche4
- Outcome
- BCRe4
- Direction
- Higheste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e4“Highest BCR was obtained from conventional tillage without mulch and lowest calculated from minimum tillage with saw dust application”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was calculated from minimum tillage with saw dust application in cluster bean.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- minimum tillage with saw dust applicatione4
- Outcome
- BCRe4
- Direction
- loweste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e4“Highest BCR was obtained from conventional tillage without mulch and lowest calculated from minimum tillage with saw dust application”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching and conventional tillage improve cluster bean yield by about 1%.
- Taxon
- cluster beanCyamopsis tetragonolobae6
- Treatment
- mulching and conventional tillagee5
- Outcome
- cluster bean yielde5
- Direction
- improvese5
- Value
- about 1%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“yield of cluster bean”
e5“The conclusion is that the mulching and conventional tillage improves cluster bean yield about 1%”
The same questions in other papers
Triticum aestivum · yield · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
tillage · growth · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
organic · yield · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
tillage · yield · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
mulching · yield · Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster bean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.