Abstract
Three fertilizer application treatments (chemical fertilizer, half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure, and biogas plus cake manure) were adopted under equal N, P (P2O5) and K (K2O) rates to study the effects of biogas manure on yield of eggplant and structure of arthropod community in eggplant fields. The results showed that the number of pest species under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 3.67±0.88 in 4 m2 in eggplant field, significantly less than that under application of chemical fertilizer or half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure. Pest species number under application of half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure was also significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application. The individual number of pests and target pests Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 64.67±4.06, 31.67±0.56 and 8.00±0.15 in 4 m2, respectively. This was significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application, but not significantly different from that under half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure application. The individual number of spiders and dominant nature enemy Aranea ventricocus (Koch) under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 12.67±1.76 and 7.67±0.67 in 4 m2, respectively, significantly greater than that under chemical fertilizer application, but not significantly different from that under half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure application. Under combined application of biogas and cake manure, arthropod community diversity index was 1.68±0.04 and evenness index was 0.53±0.003. This was significantly higher than those under applications of chemical fertilizer, and half chemical and biogas manure. The dominant concentration of arthropod community under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 0.33±0.02, also significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application, but not significantly different form that under half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure application. In terms of arthropod community stability, Ss/Si index was 0.112 5±0.001 1 under combined application of biogas and cake manure, significantly higher than that under chemical fertilizer application, but not significantly different from that under half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure application. Sn/Sp index under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 1.650 0±0.005 5, which significantly exceeded that under applications of chemical fertilizer, and half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure. Eggplant yield under the three fertilizer application treatments was not significantly different.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Combined biogas and cake manure gave 3.67±0.88 pest species in 4 m2, significantly fewer than chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplant
Solanum melongenat0 - Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree1
- Outcome
- number of pest speciese1
- Direction
- lesse2
- Value
- 3.67±0.88e1
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer or half chemical fertilizer and biogas manuree2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e1“the number of pest species under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 3.67±0.88 in 4 m2 in eggplant field”
e2“significantly less than that under application of chemical fertilizer or half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure”
Claim · model-written summary
Half chemical fertilizer plus biogas manure gave significantly fewer pest species than chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- half chemical fertilizer and biogas manuree3
- Outcome
- Pest species numbere3
- Direction
- lesse3
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e3“Pest species number under application of half chemical fertilizer and biogas manure was also significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined biogas and cake manure gave 64.67±4.06 individual pests in 4 m2, significantly fewer than chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree4
- Outcome
- individual number of pestse4
- Direction
- lesse5
- Value
- 64.67±4.06e4
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e4“The individual number of pests and target pests Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 64.67±4.06, 31.67±0.56 and 8.00±0.15 in 4 m2, respectively”
e5“This was significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Myzus persicae numbers under combined biogas and cake manure were 31.67±0.56 in 4 m2.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree4
- Interactor
- Myzus persicae
Myzus persicaee4pest - Outcome
- target pests Myzus persicaee4
- Direction
- lesse5
- Value
- 31.67±0.56e4
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e4“The individual number of pests and target pests Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 64.67±4.06, 31.67±0.56 and 8.00±0.15 in 4 m2, respectively”
e5“This was significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata numbers under combined biogas and cake manure were 8.00±0.15 in 4 m2.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree4
- Interactor
- Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata
Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctatae4pest - Outcome
- Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctatae4
- Direction
- lesse5
- Value
- 8.00±0.15e4
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e4“The individual number of pests and target pests Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 64.67±4.06, 31.67±0.56 and 8.00±0.15 in 4 m2, respectively”
e5“This was significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Spider numbers under combined biogas and cake manure were 12.67±1.76 in 4 m2, significantly greater than under chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree6
- Outcome
- individual number of spiderse6
- Direction
- greatere7
- Value
- 12.67±1.76e6
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e6“The individual number of spiders and dominant nature enemy Aranea ventricocus (Koch) under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 12.67±1.76 and 7.67±0.67 in 4 m2”
e7“significantly greater than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Aranea ventricocus numbers under combined biogas and cake manure were 7.67±0.67 in 4 m2, significantly greater than under chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree6
- Interactor
- Aranea ventricocuse6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Aranea ventricocuse6
- Direction
- greatere7
- Value
- 7.67±0.67e6
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e6“The individual number of spiders and dominant nature enemy Aranea ventricocus (Koch) under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 12.67±1.76 and 7.67±0.67 in 4 m2”
e7“significantly greater than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Arthropod community diversity index was 1.68±0.04 under combined biogas and cake manure, significantly higher than under chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree1
- Outcome
- arthropod community diversity indexe1
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 1.68±0.04e1
- Comparator
- applications of chemical fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e1“Under combined application of biogas and cake manure, arthropod community diversity index was 1.68±0.04 and evenness index was 0.53±0.003”
e2“This was significantly higher than those under applications of chemical fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Arthropod community evenness index was 0.53±0.003 under combined biogas and cake manure, significantly higher than under chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree1
- Outcome
- evenness indexe1
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 0.53±0.003e1
- Comparator
- applications of chemical fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e1“Under combined application of biogas and cake manure, arthropod community diversity index was 1.68±0.04 and evenness index was 0.53±0.003”
e2“This was significantly higher than those under applications of chemical fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Dominant concentration of the arthropod community was 0.33±0.02 under combined biogas and cake manure, significantly lower than under chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree4
- Outcome
- dominant concentration of arthropod communitye4
- Direction
- lesse4
- Value
- 0.33±0.02e4
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e4“The dominant concentration of arthropod community under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 0.33±0.02, also significantly less than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Ss/Si index was 0.112 5±0.001 1 under combined biogas and cake manure, significantly higher than under chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree5
- Outcome
- Ss/Si indexe5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 0.112 5±0.001 1e5
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizer applicatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e5“Ss/Si index was 0.112 5±0.001 1 under combined application of biogas and cake manure, significantly higher than that under chemical fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Sn/Sp index was 1.650 0±0.005 5 under combined biogas and cake manure, significantly exceeding chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- combined application of biogas and cake manuree6
- Outcome
- Sn/Sp indexe6
- Direction
- exceedede6
- Value
- 1.650 0±0.005 5e6
- Comparator
- applications of chemical fertilizere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e6“Sn/Sp index under combined application of biogas and cake manure was 1.650 0±0.005 5, which significantly exceeded that under applications of chemical fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Eggplant yield did not differ significantly among the three fertilizer application treatments.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- three fertilizer application treatmentse7
- Outcome
- Eggplant yielde7
- Direction
- not significantly differente7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in eggplant field and eggplant yield”
e7“Eggplant yield under the three fertilizer application treatments was not significantly different”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.