Abstract
Echinochloa spp. are the most important weeds in rice fields. In this research Curvularia lunata and Alternaria pellucida were isolated from these weeds and their pathogenicity effects were compared on these weeds and five rice cultivars in a completely random design with three replications in greenhouse conditions. Fungi were inoculated on weeds and rice cultivars, using spore suspension consisting of 10' spore ml(-1) of distilled water. Results indicated significant effect of Curvularia lunata and Alternaria pellucida on Echinochloa oryzicola and E. crus-galli. In the present study, effect of C. lunata on fresh weight, dry weight and height of Echinochloa species based on variance analysis table, a significant reaction was observed for height and fresh weight, but for dry weight reaction was not significant. The effect of A. pellucida on fresh weight, dry weight and height of Echinochloa species based on variance analysis table, a significant reaction was observed for all the three traits. Also, rice cultivars did not show any significant reaction to C. lunata and A. pellucida. The results showed that in comparison between effect of Curvularia lunata and Alternaria pellucida on Echinochloa spp., disease rating caused by A. pellucida on E. oryzicola and E. crusalli was more than disease rating caused by C. lunata and these species of weed were more susceptible to A. pellucida. However, A. alternata can be considered as a better promising bioherbicide to control Echinochloa spp.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Curvularia lunata significantly affected height and fresh weight of Echinochloa species.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa species
Echinochloae0 - Treatment
- C. lunatae0
- Interactor
- C. lunata
Curvularia lunatae0pathogen - Outcome
- height and fresh weighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of C. lunata on fresh weight, dry weight and height of Echinochloa species based on variance analysis table, a significant reaction was observed for height and fresh weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Curvularia lunata did not significantly affect dry weight of Echinochloa species.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa speciesEchinochloae0
- Treatment
- C. lunatae0
- Interactor
- C. lunataCurvularia lunatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of C. lunata on fresh weight, dry weight and height of Echinochloa species based on variance analysis table, a significant reaction was observed for height and fresh weight, but for dry weight reaction was not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternaria pellucida significantly affected fresh weight, dry weight, and height of Echinochloa species.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa speciesEchinochloae0
- Treatment
- A. pellucidae0
- Interactor
- A. pellucidaAlternaria pellucidae0pathogen
- Outcome
- fresh weight, dry weight and heighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of A. pellucida on fresh weight, dry weight and height of Echinochloa species based on variance analysis table, a significant reaction was observed for all the three traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice cultivars showed no significant reaction to Curvularia lunata.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- C. lunatae0
- Interactor
- C. lunataCurvularia lunatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- reactione0
- Direction
- did not show any significant reactione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice cultivars did not show any significant reaction to C. lunata and A. pellucida”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice cultivars showed no significant reaction to Alternaria pellucida.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- A. pellucidae0
- Interactor
- A. pellucidaAlternaria pellucidae0pathogen
- Outcome
- reactione0
- Direction
- did not show any significant reactione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice cultivars did not show any significant reaction to C. lunata and A. pellucida”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternaria pellucida caused a higher disease rating on E. oryzicola than Curvularia lunata.
- Taxon
- E. oryzicolaEchinochloa oryzicolae0
- Treatment
- A. pellucidae0
- Interactor
- A. pellucidaAlternaria pellucidae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- C. lunataCurvularia lunatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease ratinge0
- Direction
- more thane0
- Comparator
- C. lunatae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease rating caused by A. pellucida on E. oryzicola and E. crusalli was more than disease rating caused by C. lunata”
e1“Echinochloa oryzicola and E. crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternaria pellucida caused a higher disease rating on E. crusalli than Curvularia lunata.
- Taxon
- E. crusallie0
- Treatment
- A. pellucidae0
- Interactor
- A. pellucidaAlternaria pellucidae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- C. lunataCurvularia lunatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease ratinge0
- Direction
- more thane0
- Comparator
- C. lunatae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease rating caused by A. pellucida on E. oryzicola and E. crusalli was more than disease rating caused by C. lunata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest A. alternata as a promising bioherbicide for Echinochloa control, although the experiments discuss A. pellucida.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa spp.Echinochloae0
- Interactor
- A. alternata
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Alternaria alternatae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- bioherbicide to control Echinochloa spp.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A. alternata can be considered as a better promising bioherbicide to control Echinochloa spp.”