Abstract
Winter wheat cultivars that are competitive with weeds help control weeds in crop rotations. Ten winter wheat cultivars were evaluated for interference with summer annual grasses in the wheat and the subsequent grain sorghum crop in a winter wheat-ecofallow sorghum-fallow rotation in which there are two 10–mo fallow periods and two crops in 3 yr during 1983 to 1987. The medium–tall (100 to 109 cm tall) and medium–statured (90 to 99 cm tall) winter wheat cultivars (‘Buckskin’, ‘Siouxland’, ‘Lancota’, ‘Centurk 78’, and ‘Brule’) were more competitive than medium-short (80 to 89 cm tall) and short (68 to 79 cm tall) cultivars (‘Eagle’, ‘Homestead’, ‘Colt’, ‘Vona’, and ‘TAM 101’). Atrazine plus paraquat was applied to all cultivars 30 d after wheat harvest. When grain sorghum was planted in areas previously seeded with medium–tall and medium-statured winter wheat, summer annual grass weed biomass in sorghum was 61% less than in grain sorghum seeded into areas previously planted with medium-short and short wheat cultivars. Use of pendimethalin plus 2,4–D in winter wheat and glyphosate plus alachlor in grain sorghum eliminated differences in summer annual grass weed density and weed biomass among wheat cultivars. Sorghum grain yields were improved 7% when herbicides were used in the winter wheat and sorghum but value of the increase was less than cost of herbicides. Substituting less costly herbicides for herbicides used in this study still would not have been enough to pay for cost of herbicides for five cultivars. Grain sorghum grown on weed–free stubble of medium–tall and medium–statured winter wheat produced more grain than grain sorghum grown after medium–short and short-statured winter wheat by 5%. Volunteer wheat density during the fallow period following grain sorghum was lower in areas originally seeded to Centurk 78 and Siouxland wheat while volunteer wheat density was higher in areas planted to Homestead and Vona.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Medium–tall and medium–statured winter wheat cultivars were more competitive with weeds than shorter cultivars.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Outcome
- more competitivee0
- Direction
- more competitivee0
- Comparator
- medium-shorte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The medium–tall (100 to 109 cm tall) and medium–statured (90 to 99 cm tall) winter wheat cultivars (‘Buckskin’, ‘Siouxland’, ‘Lancota’, ‘Centurk 78’, and ‘Brule’) were more competitive than medium-short (80 to 89 cm tall) and short (68 to 79 cm tall) cultivars (‘Eagle’, ‘Homestead’, ‘Colt’, ‘Vona’, and ‘TAM 101’).”
Claim · model-written summary
Following taller wheat, summer grass biomass in sorghum was 61% lower than following shorter wheat.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum
Sorghum bicolore0 - Material
- medium–tall and medium-statured winter wheate0
- Interactor
- summer annual grasse0weed
- Outcome
- summer annual grass weed biomass in sorghume0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 61%e0
- Comparator
- medium-short and short wheat cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When grain sorghum was planted in areas previously seeded with medium–tall and medium-statured winter wheat, summer annual grass weed biomass in sorghum was 61% less than in grain sorghum seeded into areas previously planted with medium-short and short wheat cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination eliminated cultivar differences in summer grass density and biomass.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin plus 2,4–D in winter wheat and glyphosate plus alachlor in grain sorghume0
- Interactor
- summer annual grasse0weed
- Outcome
- summer annual grass weed density and weed biomasse0
- Direction
- eliminated differencese0
- Comparator
- wheat cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of pendimethalin plus 2,4–D in winter wheat and glyphosate plus alachlor in grain sorghum eliminated differences in summer annual grass weed density and weed biomass among wheat cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide use improved sorghum grain yield by 7%.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum grain yields were improved 7% when herbicides were used in the winter wheat and sorghum but value of the increase was less than cost of herbicides.”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield gain was worth less than the herbicide cost.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“value of the increase was less than cost of herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
After weed-free taller wheat stubble, sorghum grain yield was 5% higher than after shorter wheat.
- Taxon
- Grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Material
- medium–tall and medium–statured winter wheate0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 5%e0
- Comparator
- medium–short and short-statured winter wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain sorghum grown on weed–free stubble of medium–tall and medium–statured winter wheat produced more grain than grain sorghum grown after medium–short and short-statured winter wheat by 5%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Volunteer wheat density was lower following Centurk 78 and Siouxland.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Centurk 78 and Siouxlande0
- Outcome
- Volunteer wheat densitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Volunteer wheat density during the fallow period following grain sorghum was lower in areas originally seeded to Centurk 78 and Siouxland wheat while volunteer wheat density was higher in areas planted to Homestead and Vona.”
Claim · model-written summary
Volunteer wheat density was higher following Homestead and Vona.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Homestead and Vonae0
- Outcome
- volunteer wheat densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“volunteer wheat density was higher in areas planted to Homestead and Vona”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · yield · SorghumResults differ
51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
62 papers more in this group
See all 66 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.