Abstract
Abstract A series of six field experiments on spring barley were conducted to test the effect of fertilizer placement compared with broadcast application on weeds and crop yield. The experiments were carried out in 1993, 1994 and 1995, on two soil types, with three levels of fertilizing and without use of pesticides. Fertilizer placement reduced weed biomass by 55% and weed density by 10% and increased grain yield by 28%, on average. The strong effects on weeds were presumably due to a positive interaction between crop competition and weed control by weed harrowing. The biomass of almost all frequent weed species was reduced by fertilizer placement. The effect of fertilizer placement on weed density was weaker than on biomass. Fertilizer placement increased grain yield more on coarse sand than on sandy loam. All the effects were more pronounced in 1993 than in 1994 and 1995, most likely owing to dry weather in the spring of 1993.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer placement reduced weed biomass by 55% versus broadcast application.
- Taxon
- Spring Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- Fertilizer placemente0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 55%e0
- Comparator
- broadcast applicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer placement reduced weed biomass by 55% and weed density by 10% and increased grain yield by 28%, on average.”
e1“compared with broadcast application”
t0“Spring Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer placement reduced weed density by 10% versus broadcast application.
- Taxon
- Spring BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer placemente0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- broadcast applicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer placement reduced weed biomass by 55% and weed density by 10% and increased grain yield by 28%, on average.”
e1“compared with broadcast application”
t0“Spring Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer placement increased grain yield by 28% versus broadcast application.
- Taxon
- Spring BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer placemente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Comparator
- broadcast applicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer placement reduced weed biomass by 55% and weed density by 10% and increased grain yield by 28%, on average.”
e1“compared with broadcast application”
t0“Spring Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop competition and weed harrowing presumably interacted to produce the strong weed effects.
- Taxon
- Spring BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- strong effects on weedse0
- Qualifier
- positive interaction between crop competition and weed control by weed harrowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strong effects on weeds were presumably due to a positive interaction between crop competition and weed control by weed harrowing.”
t0“Spring Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer placement reduced biomass of almost all frequent weed species.
- Taxon
- Spring BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- fertilizer placemente0
- Interactor
- weed speciese0weed
- Outcome
- biomass of almost all frequent weed speciese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- broadcast applicatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biomass of almost all frequent weed species was reduced by fertilizer placement.”
e1“compared with broadcast application”
t0“Spring Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer placement affected weed density less than weed biomass.
- Taxon
- Spring BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- effect of fertilizer placement on weed densitye0
- Direction
- weakere0
- Comparator
- biomasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of fertilizer placement on weed density was weaker than on biomass.”
t0“Spring Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer placement increased grain yield more on coarse sand than sandy loam.
- Taxon
- Spring BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer placemente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- coarse sande0
- Comparator
- sandy loame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer placement increased grain yield more on coarse sand than on sandy loam.”
t0“Spring Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The effects were more pronounced in 1993 than in 1994 and 1995, possibly due to dry spring weather.
- Taxon
- Spring BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- All the effectse0
- Direction
- more pronouncede0
- Qualifier
- most likely owing to dry weather in the spring of 1993e0
- Comparator
- 1994 and 1995e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the effects were more pronounced in 1993 than in 1994 and 1995, most likely owing to dry weather in the spring of 1993.”
t0“Spring Barley”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · weed · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
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- positive
- no effect
- negative
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See all 14 papers →fertilization · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
472 papers in the same direction as this paper · 66 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
546 papers more in this group
See all 550 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.