Abstract
Field experiments were initiated at Alliance and Hairy Hill, Alberta, in 1989 to investigate the effects of conventional tillage, zero tillage, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer on continuous barley production. In both tillage systems, the nitrogen was banded 6 to 8 cm deep between alternate barley rows. Herbicides were used for weed control each year. The influence of tillage and nitrogen on weed seed population dynamics was determined in 1991 and 1992. In the zero-tillage system, a large proportion of the weed seeds were present either at the soil surface or at the 5- to 10-cm depth. Green foxtail, the dominant species at Alliance, was also present at Hairy Hill where field pennycress was dominant. Green foxtail was consistently associated with low (residual) nitrogen and, in most cases, with conventional tillage. At both locations, green foxtail populations tended to decrease to very low levels as nitrogen rate increased, especially in zero tillage. At Hairy Hill, field pennycress populations in the soil seedbank were higher in zero tillage compared with conventional tillage, but plants that emerged from the soil seedbank in the field in spring were lower in zero tillage. Field pennycress populations were highest under low nitrogen. The results indicate that banding nitrogen has the potential to be an effective tool for green foxtail and field pennycress management in conventional- and zero-tillage systems, resulting in less dependence on herbicides for their control.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Green foxtail was associated with low residual nitrogen and, in most cases, with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree1 - Treatment
- low (residual) nitrogene2
- Interactor
- Green foxtaile2weed
- Outcome
- Green foxtaile2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were initiated at Alliance and Hairy Hill, Alberta, in 1989 to investigate the effects of conventional tillage, zero tillage, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer on continuous barley production”
e2“Green foxtail was consistently associated with low (residual) nitrogen and, in most cases, with conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Green foxtail populations decreased as nitrogen rate increased, especially in zero tillage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- nitrogen ratee2
- Interactor
- Green foxtaile2weed
- Outcome
- green foxtail populationse2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Qualifier
- especially in zero tillagee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were initiated at Alliance and Hairy Hill, Alberta, in 1989 to investigate the effects of conventional tillage, zero tillage, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer on continuous barley production”
e2“At both locations, green foxtail populations tended to decrease to very low levels as nitrogen rate increased, especially in zero tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Field pennycress populations in the soil seedbank were higher in zero tillage than in conventional tillage at Hairy Hill.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- zero tillagee2
- Interactor
- field pennycress
_-_Guelph%2C_Ontario_2020-04-12.jpg?width=60)
Thlaspi arvensee2weed - Outcome
- field pennycress populations in the soil seedbanke2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee2
- Setting
- Hairy Hille2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Guelph%2C_Ontario_2020-04-12.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were initiated at Alliance and Hairy Hill, Alberta, in 1989 to investigate the effects of conventional tillage, zero tillage, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer on continuous barley production”
e2“At Hairy Hill, field pennycress populations in the soil seedbank were higher in zero tillage compared with conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants emerging from the soil seedbank in spring were lower in zero tillage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- zero tillagee2
- Outcome
- plants that emerged from the soil seedbanke2
- Direction
- lowere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were initiated at Alliance and Hairy Hill, Alberta, in 1989 to investigate the effects of conventional tillage, zero tillage, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer on continuous barley production”
e2“but plants that emerged from the soil seedbank in the field in spring were lower in zero tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Field pennycress populations were highest under low nitrogen.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- low nitrogene2
- Interactor
- Field pennycressThlaspi arvensee2weed
- Outcome
- Field pennycress populationse2
- Direction
- higheste2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were initiated at Alliance and Hairy Hill, Alberta, in 1989 to investigate the effects of conventional tillage, zero tillage, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer on continuous barley production”
e2“Field pennycress populations were highest under low nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Banding nitrogen has the potential to be an effective tool for managing green foxtail and field pennycress, with less dependence on herbicides.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- banding nitrogene2
- Interactor
- green foxtaile2weed
- Second interactor
- field pennycressThlaspi arvensee2weed
- Outcome
- an effective tool for green foxtail and field pennycress managemente2
- Qualifier
- resulting in less dependence on herbicidese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were initiated at Alliance and Hairy Hill, Alberta, in 1989 to investigate the effects of conventional tillage, zero tillage, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer on continuous barley production”
e2“The results indicate that banding nitrogen has the potential to be an effective tool for green foxtail and field pennycress management in conventional- and zero-tillage systems, resulting in less dependence on herbicides for their control”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · pest · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.