Abstract
Changing climatic conditions accelerate the soil biological systems and imbalance the soil nutrients cycle threatening the food security in developing countries. In this scenario, different soil management practices may help to mitigate the adverse effects of global warming on soils and crops. The aim of the conducted investigation was to ascertain the impacts of increasing temperature on the agronomic, soil and economic attributes of spring maize in the subtropical conditions of Pakistan. To understand this effect, two-year field study (2010 and 2011) was carried out at the Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan using randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements having three replications. Tillage practices (zero tillage, minimum tillage, Conventional tillage and Deep tillage) were kept in the main plot while the mulch treatments (No mulch, black plastic mulch, wheat straw mulch and grass mulch) were applied on the soil in the subplots. Different agronomic, economic and soil thermal parameters were studied. The agronomic indices were improved significantly in increasing order of tillage while the economic figures gave the maximum benefit to cost ratio in minimum tillage with black plastic mulches. Moreover, soil thermal temperature fluctuation was observed in intensive tillage as compared to other no tillage systems. Artificial mulches gave the better results towards agronomic and economic attributes over the natural mulches and no mulch treatments. This study suggests that minimum tillage with black plastic could be feasible in increasing the farmer income per unit area in the decreasing farmer’s resources over increasing weather uncertainty.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Agronomic indices improved with increasing tillage.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The agronomic indices were improved significantly in increasing order of tillage”
e1“spring maize in the subtropical conditions of Pakistan”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage with black plastic mulch maximized benefit to cost ratio.
- Treatment
- minimum tillage with black plastic mulchese0
- Outcome
- benefit to cost ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Setting
- Pakistane1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the economic figures gave the maximum benefit to cost ratio in minimum tillage with black plastic mulches”
e1“spring maize in the subtropical conditions of Pakistan”
Claim · model-written summary
Intensive tillage showed soil temperature fluctuation versus no tillage.
- Treatment
- intensive tillagee0
- Outcome
- soil thermal temperature fluctuatione0
- Comparator
- other no tillage systemse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil thermal temperature fluctuation was observed in intensive tillage as compared to other no tillage systems”
e1“spring maize in the subtropical conditions of Pakistan”
Claim · model-written summary
Artificial mulch gave better agronomic outcomes than natural mulch or no mulch.
- Treatment
- Artificial mulchese0
- Outcome
- agronomic and economic attributese0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- natural mulches and no mulch treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Artificial mulches gave the better results towards agronomic and economic attributes over the natural mulches and no mulch treatments.”
e1“spring maize in the subtropical conditions of Pakistan”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest minimum tillage and black plastic for farmer income.
- Outcome
- minimum tillage with black plastic could be feasible in increasing the farmer income per unit areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum tillage with black plastic could be feasible in increasing the farmer income per unit area”
e1“spring maize in the subtropical conditions of Pakistan”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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See all 1,099 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.