Abstract
European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner, can severely affect sweet corn quality. Selection techniques in field experiments have improved ear feeding resistance associated with morphological features and/or allelochemicals. A laboratory bioassay was used to detect chemical resistance factors in silk and kernel tissues of 10 variously resistant sweet corn genotypes. When added to a nutritively complete diet, kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272 decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (66.3, 61.7, and 54.5 mg, respectively) while kernel tissue from MG15, MN270, and MN3053 increased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (88.3, 81.5, and 80.8 mg, respectively) compared to a cellulose control (71.0 mg). These weight differences, however, were not significant developmentally as 10-day larval maturation (fourth to fifth instar) and pupation time (13.9 to 16.3 days) were similar to the cellulose control (fifth instar and 14.8 days). Silk tissue additions to the diet decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight compared to the cellulose control (71.0 mg). Larvae exposed to diet containing silk tissue from MN3053, W182E, and `Apache' were lightest (9.1, 8.3, and 7.8 mg, respectively). The heaviest larvae exposed to silk tissue were from diet including `Jubilee' tissue (54.1 mg). Contrary to the instar levels found on the cellulose control, larvae feeding for 10 days on a diet containing silk tissue mainly were at third or early fourth instar excluding larvae exposed to `Jubilee' silk (fourth to fifth instar). For all genotypes, silk additions to diet increased the pupation time compared to kernel additions. Kernel, and especially silk tissue, may contain chemical resistance factors which decrease larval weight and increase developmental time. Identifying sweet corn genotypes with chemical resistance factors may enhance ECB resistance breeding efficiency.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
W182E kernel tissue decreased 10-day corn borer larval weight to 66.3 mg versus cellulose control.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- W182Ee0
- Organ / stage
- kernel tissuee0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borer
Ostrinia nubilalist0peste0 - Outcome
- 10-day larval weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 66.3e0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When added to a nutritively complete diet, kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272 decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (66.3, 61.7, and 54.5 mg, respectively) while kernel tissue from MG15, MN270, and MN3053 increased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (88.3, 81.5, and 80.8 mg, respectively) compared to a cellulose control (71.0 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
MN275 kernel tissue decreased 10-day corn borer larval weight to 61.7 mg versus cellulose control.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- MN275e0
- Organ / stage
- kernel tissuee0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- 10-day larval weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 61.7e0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When added to a nutritively complete diet, kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272 decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (66.3, 61.7, and 54.5 mg, respectively) while kernel tissue from MG15, MN270, and MN3053 increased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (88.3, 81.5, and 80.8 mg, respectively) compared to a cellulose control (71.0 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
MN272 kernel tissue decreased 10-day corn borer larval weight to 54.5 mg versus cellulose control.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- MN272e0
- Organ / stage
- kernel tissuee0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- 10-day larval weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 54.5 mge0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When added to a nutritively complete diet, kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272 decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (66.3, 61.7, and 54.5 mg, respectively) while kernel tissue from MG15, MN270, and MN3053 increased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (88.3, 81.5, and 80.8 mg, respectively) compared to a cellulose control (71.0 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
MG15 kernel tissue increased 10-day corn borer larval weight to 88.3 mg versus cellulose control.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- MG15e0
- Organ / stage
- kernel tissuee0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- 10-day larval weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 88.3e0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When added to a nutritively complete diet, kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272 decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (66.3, 61.7, and 54.5 mg, respectively) while kernel tissue from MG15, MN270, and MN3053 increased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (88.3, 81.5, and 80.8 mg, respectively) compared to a cellulose control (71.0 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
MN270 kernel tissue increased 10-day corn borer larval weight to 81.5 mg versus cellulose control.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- MN270e0
- Organ / stage
- kernel tissuee0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- 10-day larval weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 81.5e0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When added to a nutritively complete diet, kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272 decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (66.3, 61.7, and 54.5 mg, respectively) while kernel tissue from MG15, MN270, and MN3053 increased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (88.3, 81.5, and 80.8 mg, respectively) compared to a cellulose control (71.0 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
MN3053 kernel tissue increased 10-day corn borer larval weight to 80.8 mg versus cellulose control.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- MN3053e0
- Organ / stage
- kernel tissuee0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- 10-day larval weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 80.8 mge0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When added to a nutritively complete diet, kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272 decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (66.3, 61.7, and 54.5 mg, respectively) while kernel tissue from MG15, MN270, and MN3053 increased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight (88.3, 81.5, and 80.8 mg, respectively) compared to a cellulose control (71.0 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel tissue weight differences did not significantly alter larval maturation.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee1
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- 10-day larval maturatione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These weight differences, however, were not significant developmentally as 10-day larval maturation (fourth to fifth instar) and pupation time (13.9 to 16.3 days) were similar to the cellulose control (fifth instar and 14.8 days)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
e1“kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel tissue weight differences did not significantly alter pupation time.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Treatment
- kernel tissuee1
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- pupation timee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Value
- 13.9 to 16.3 dayse0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These weight differences, however, were not significant developmentally as 10-day larval maturation (fourth to fifth instar) and pupation time (13.9 to 16.3 days) were similar to the cellulose control (fifth instar and 14.8 days)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
e1“kernel tissue from W182E, MN275, and MN272”
Claim · model-written summary
Silk tissue decreased 10-day larval weight relative to cellulose control.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Organ / stage
- Silk tissuee0
- Treatment
- Silk tissue additions to the diete0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- 10-day larval weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silk tissue additions to the diet decreased ( P ≤ 0.05) 10-day larval weight compared to the cellulose control (71.0 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
MN3053 silk produced among the lightest larvae, 9.1 mg.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- MN3053e0
- Organ / stage
- silk tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- Larvaee0
- Direction
- lighteste0
- Value
- 9.1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larvae exposed to diet containing silk tissue from MN3053, W182E, and `Apache' were lightest (9.1, 8.3, and 7.8 mg, respectively)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
W182E silk produced among the lightest larvae, 8.3 mg.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- W182Ee0
- Organ / stage
- silk tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- Larvaee0
- Direction
- lighteste0
- Value
- 8.3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larvae exposed to diet containing silk tissue from MN3053, W182E, and `Apache' were lightest (9.1, 8.3, and 7.8 mg, respectively)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
`Apache' silk produced among the lightest larvae, 7.8 mg.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- `Apache'e0
- Organ / stage
- silk tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- Larvaee0
- Direction
- lighteste0
- Value
- 7.8 mge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larvae exposed to diet containing silk tissue from MN3053, W182E, and `Apache' were lightest (9.1, 8.3, and 7.8 mg, respectively)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
Jubilee silk produced the heaviest larvae among silk diets at 54.1 mg.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- `Jubilee'e0
- Organ / stage
- silk tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- heaviest larvaee0
- Direction
- heavieste0
- Value
- 54.1 mge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The heaviest larvae exposed to silk tissue were from diet including `Jubilee' tissue (54.1 mg)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
Most silk diets delayed corn borer larval maturation to third or early fourth instar versus fifth instar on cellulose.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Treatment
- silk tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- third or early fourth instare0
- Qualifier
- excluding larvae exposed to `Jubilee' silke0
- Comparator
- cellulose controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contrary to the instar levels found on the cellulose control, larvae feeding for 10 days on a diet containing silk tissue mainly were at third or early fourth instar excluding larvae exposed to `Jubilee' silk (fourth to fifth instar)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
Jubilee silk larvae reached fourth to fifth instar after 10 days.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Material
- `Jubilee'e0
- Organ / stage
- silke0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- fourth to fifth instare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“excluding larvae exposed to `Jubilee' silk (fourth to fifth instar)”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
Silk additions increased pupation time compared with kernel additions for every genotype.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Treatment
- silk additions to diete0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- pupation timee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- kernel additionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For all genotypes, silk additions to diet increased the pupation time compared to kernel additions”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer kernel, especially silk, may have chemical resistance factors that reduce larval weight and increase development time.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Organ / stage
- silk tissuee0
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalist0peste0
- Outcome
- larval weight and increase developmental timee0
- Qualifier
- chemical resistance factorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kernel, and especially silk tissue, may contain chemical resistance factors which decrease larval weight and increase developmental time”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”
Claim · model-written summary
Identifying sweet corn genotypes with chemical resistance factors may improve corn borer resistance breeding efficiency.
Verbatim
e0“Identifying sweet corn genotypes with chemical resistance factors may enhance ECB resistance breeding efficiency”
t0“Sweet Corn Tissues for Allelochemicals that Affect European Corn Borer Larval Development”