Abstract
Field experiments in 1988–1990 determined the (1) effects of defoliation by Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (soybean looper) or basal stem girdling by Spissistilus festinus (Say) (threecornered alfalfa hopper) on soybean stem canker severity and (2) effects of the soybean looper defoliation on red crown rot incidence. Compared to ungirdled plants, stem canker severity was increased while stem length, stem diameter, and yield were reduced for girdled plants. Stem canker severity, number of perithecia, yield, stem length, and stem diameter were reduced on defoliated soybean, compared to undefoliated soybean. Red crown rot incidence, perithecial production, and yields were reduced on defoliated soybean compared to undefoliated soybean. This suggests different types of insect injury may either increase or decrease the severity of soybean diseases.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Basal stem girdling by Spissistilus festinus increased soybean stem canker severity relative to ungirdled plants.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- basal stem girdlinge2
- Interactor
- Spissistilus festinus
Spissistilus festinuse2pest - Outcome
- stem canker severitye3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- ungirdled plantse3
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“basal stem girdling by Spissistilus festinus (Say) (threecornered alfalfa hopper)”
e3“Compared to ungirdled plants, stem canker severity was increased while stem length, stem diameter, and yield were reduced for girdled plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Girdled soybean plants had reduced stem length, stem diameter and yield compared with ungirdled plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- girdled plantse2
- Outcome
- stem length, stem diameter, and yielde2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Comparator
- ungirdled plantse2
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“Compared to ungirdled plants, stem canker severity was increased while stem length, stem diameter, and yield were reduced for girdled plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation by soybean looper reduced stem canker severity in soybean compared with undefoliated plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- defoliatione2
- Interactor
- Pseudoplusia includens
Chrysodeixis includense2pest - Outcome
- Stem canker severitye3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- undefoliated soybeane3
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“defoliation by Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (soybean looper)”
e3“Stem canker severity, number of perithecia, yield, stem length, and stem diameter were reduced on defoliated soybean, compared to undefoliated soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation by soybean looper reduced the number of stem canker perithecia.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- defoliated soybeane3
- Outcome
- number of peritheciae3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- undefoliated soybeane3
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“defoliation by Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (soybean looper)”
e3“Stem canker severity, number of perithecia, yield, stem length, and stem diameter were reduced on defoliated soybean, compared to undefoliated soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation by soybean looper reduced soybean yield, stem length and stem diameter.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- defoliated soybeane3
- Outcome
- yield, stem length, and stem diametere3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- undefoliated soybeane3
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“defoliation by Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (soybean looper)”
e3“Stem canker severity, number of perithecia, yield, stem length, and stem diameter were reduced on defoliated soybean, compared to undefoliated soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation by soybean looper reduced red crown rot incidence in soybean.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- defoliated soybeane4
- Interactor
- Pseudoplusia includensChrysodeixis includense2pest
- Outcome
- Red crown rot incidencee4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Comparator
- undefoliated soybeane4
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“defoliation by Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (soybean looper)”
e4“Red crown rot incidence, perithecial production, and yields were reduced on defoliated soybean compared to undefoliated soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation by soybean looper reduced red crown rot perithecial production.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- defoliated soybeane4
- Interactor
- Pseudoplusia includensChrysodeixis includense2pest
- Outcome
- perithecial productione4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Comparator
- undefoliated soybeane4
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“defoliation by Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (soybean looper)”
e4“Red crown rot incidence, perithecial production, and yields were reduced on defoliated soybean compared to undefoliated soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation by soybean looper reduced soybean yields in the red crown rot trial.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- defoliated soybeane4
- Interactor
- Pseudoplusia includensChrysodeixis includense2pest
- Outcome
- yieldse4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Comparator
- undefoliated soybeane4
- Setting
- Field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e1“Field experiments in 1988–1990”
e2“defoliation by Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (soybean looper)”
e4“Red crown rot incidence, perithecial production, and yields were reduced on defoliated soybean compared to undefoliated soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Different types of insect injury may either increase or decrease the severity of soybean diseases.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- different types of insect injurye6
- Outcome
- severity of soybean diseasese6
- Direction
- increase or decreasee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Crown Rot in Soybean”
e6“This suggests different types of insect injury may either increase or decrease the severity of soybean diseases”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · Chrysodeixis includens · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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- positive
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See all 110 papers →pruning · Spissistilus festinus · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.