Abstract
To investigate the effect of the application of rice husk (RH) and rice husk charcoal (RHC) on soil properties and rice production, pot experiment comprising of five treatments was conducted. Soil was mixed at the rate of 0 (control), 2% and 4% (w/w) with RH and RHC, respectively with randomized complete block design (RCBD). RHC incorporation had a potential to reduce the acidity of the soil, whereas, RH incorporation had almost no effect on the pH of the soil. RH and RHC amendment both increased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content, plant available water and field capacity but decreased the bulk density of soil. Crop growth components at harvest revealed that the highest plant height was recorded in RH4%. However, for the panicle length, panicle weight and number of tillers, the highest value was found in RHC2%, 14.2 cm, 4.0 g and 28.8 cm, respectively. Furthermore, number of panicle, 1000-grains weight and grain yield were also found highest in RHC2%, 22.4 g and 4.41 t/ha, respectively. However, for the number of grain per panicle and percentage of filled grain, the highest value was found in RH4%, 79.0 and 88.5, respectively. The grain yield increased by 38%, 28%, 18% and 22% and the biological yield increased by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% for RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively, compared to that of the control; however, the significant difference was found only for RHC2% for both. The harvest index increased under all application rates of RH and RHC compared to that of control.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
RHC reduced soil acidity.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- RHC incorporatione0
- Outcome
- acidity of the soile0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RHC incorporation had a potential to reduce the acidity of the soil”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RH had almost no effect on soil pH.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH incorporatione0
- Outcome
- pH of the soile0
- Direction
- almost no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RH incorporation had almost no effect on the pH of the soil”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Both amendments increased hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content and plant available water.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH and RHC amendmente0
- Outcome
- saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content, plant available watere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RH and RHC amendment both increased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content, plant available water”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Both amendments increased field capacity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH and RHC amendmente1
- Outcome
- field capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“field capacity but decreased the bulk density of soil”
e1“RH and RHC amendment both increased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content, plant available water”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Both amendments decreased soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH and RHC amendmente1
- Outcome
- bulk density of soile0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased the bulk density of soil”
e1“RH and RHC amendment both increased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content, plant available water”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RH4% gave the highest plant height.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH4%e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest plant height was recorded in RH4%”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC2% gave the greatest panicle length, 14.2 cm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“panicle length, panicle weight and number of tillers, the highest value was found in RHC2%, 14.2 cm, 4.0 g and 28.8 cm”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC2% gave the greatest panicle weight, 4.0 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“panicle length, panicle weight and number of tillers, the highest value was found in RHC2%, 14.2 cm, 4.0 g and 28.8 cm”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC2% gave the greatest tiller number, reported as 28.8 cm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“panicle length, panicle weight and number of tillers, the highest value was found in RHC2%, 14.2 cm, 4.0 g and 28.8 cm”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC2% gave the highest panicle number.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RHC2%e0
- Outcome
- number of paniclee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of panicle, 1000-grains weight and grain yield were also found highest in RHC2%”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC2% gave the highest 1000-grain weight, reported as 22.4 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of panicle, 1000-grains weight and grain yield were also found highest in RHC2%, 22.4 g and 4.41 t/ha”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC2% gave highest grain yield, 4.41 t/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of panicle, 1000-grains weight and grain yield were also found highest in RHC2%, 22.4 g and 4.41 t/ha”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RH4% gave highest grains per panicle, 79.0.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH4%e0
- Outcome
- number of grain per paniclee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 79.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of grain per panicle and percentage of filled grain, the highest value was found in RH4%, 79.0 and 88.5”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RH4% gave highest filled-grain percentage, 88.5.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH4%e0
- Outcome
- percentage of filled graine0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 88.5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of grain per panicle and percentage of filled grain, the highest value was found in RH4%, 79.0 and 88.5”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC2% raised grain yield 38% versus control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RHC2%e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 38%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield increased by 38%, 28%, 18% and 22% and the biological yield increased by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% for RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively, compared to that of the control”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RHC4% raised grain yield 28% versus control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RHC4%e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield increased by 38%, 28%, 18% and 22% and the biological yield increased by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% for RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively, compared to that of the control”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RH2% raised grain yield 18% versus control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH2%e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield increased by 38%, 28%, 18% and 22% and the biological yield increased by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% for RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively, compared to that of the control”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RH4% raised grain yield 22% versus control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RH4%e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield increased by 38%, 28%, 18% and 22% and the biological yield increased by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% for RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively, compared to that of the control”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological yield rose by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% under RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%e0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biological yield increased by 27%, 18%, 14%, and 16% for RHC2%, RHC4%, RH2%, and RH4%, respectively”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
All RH and RHC rates increased harvest index relative to control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- all application rates of RH and RHCe0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“harvest index increased under all application rates of RH and RHC compared to that of control”
t0“Rice Growth and Yield”
The same questions in other papers
charcoal · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
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See all 13 papers →other · soil: physics · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.