Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennaadius) biotype B is one of the most important pests due to the number of hosts and economic losses it produces. Its control is based on the application of chemicals, which has led to resistance problems. However, the host may also influence the induction of resistance to pesticides. Therefore, the present study evaluated the susceptibility of populations of B. tabaci biotype B developed indifferent hosts to three insecticides belonging to different toxicological groups. Bemisia tabaci biotype B populations were collected and reared in six different hosts (three crops and three associated weeds: Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum nigrum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Melampodium divaricatum, Cucurbita spp. and Heliotropium angiospermun) in the state of Chiapas, Mexico. By using the dipping bioassay method with nymphs five- to eight-days-old, the CL50 was determined. The higher values of bifenthrin were recorded on M. divaricatum and S. nigrum with 278.74 and 177.76 ppm, respectively. For imidacloprid, S. lycopersicum and S. nigrum recorded 179.59 and 168.59 ppm, respectively. Finally for endosulfan, M. divaricatum and H. angiospermun registered values of 134.57 and 156.52 ppm, respectively. Therefore, the host affected the tolerance of Bemisia tabaci biotype B to insecticides, primarily because of the induced resistance of each of the plant species that served as hosts, providing the ability to detoxify the various pesticides by using enzymes.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Bifenthrin CL50 on M. divaricatum was 278.74 ppm.
- Taxon
- M. divaricatum
Melampodium divaricatume0 - Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci biotype B
Bemisia tabacit0pest - Outcome
- bifenthrine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 278.74e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher values of bifenthrin were recorded on M. divaricatum and S. nigrum with 278.74 and 177.76 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Bemisia tabaci biotype B fed on different hosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Bifenthrin CL50 on S. nigrum was 177.76 ppm.
- Taxon
- S. nigrum
_Solanum_nigrum_3.jpg?width=60)
Solanum nigrume0 - Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci biotype BBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- bifenthrine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 177.76 ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Solanum_nigrum_3.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The higher values of bifenthrin were recorded on M. divaricatum and S. nigrum with 278.74 and 177.76 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Bemisia tabaci biotype B fed on different hosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid CL50 on S. lycopersicum was 179.59 ppm.
- Taxon
- S. lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci biotype BBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- imidaclopride0
- Value
- 179.59e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For imidacloprid, S. lycopersicum and S. nigrum recorded 179.59 and 168.59 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Bemisia tabaci biotype B fed on different hosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid CL50 on S. nigrum was 168.59 ppm.
- Taxon
- S. nigrumSolanum nigrume0
- Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci biotype BBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- imidaclopride0
- Value
- 168.59 ppme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For imidacloprid, S. lycopersicum and S. nigrum recorded 179.59 and 168.59 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Bemisia tabaci biotype B fed on different hosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Endosulfan CL50 on M. divaricatum was 134.57 ppm.
- Taxon
- M. divaricatumMelampodium divaricatume0
- Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci biotype BBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- endosulfane0
- Value
- 134.57e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Finally for endosulfan, M. divaricatum and H. angiospermun registered values of 134.57 and 156.52 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Bemisia tabaci biotype B fed on different hosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Endosulfan CL50 on H. angiospermun was 156.52 ppm.
- Taxon
- H. angiospermune0
- Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci biotype BBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- endosulfane0
- Value
- 156.52 ppme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Finally for endosulfan, M. divaricatum and H. angiospermun registered values of 134.57 and 156.52 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Bemisia tabaci biotype B fed on different hosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Host plant identity affected Bemisia tabaci insecticide tolerance.
- Taxon
- hoste0
- Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci biotype BBemisia tabacie0pest
- Outcome
- tolerance of Bemisia tabaci biotype B to insecticidese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the host affected the tolerance of Bemisia tabaci biotype B to insecticides”