Abstract
Objective: To investigate nematode suppression and yield improvement potential of two organic materials; poultry manure and chopped neem leaves in sweet potato production.Methodology and results: A factorial experiment mounted on Randomized Complete Block Design was conducted in 2014 and 2015 at Atebubu and Wenchi, prominent farming communities in the Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. The organic materials were applied on two sweet potato varieties; Apomuden and Santom pona. Poultry manure and neem leaves weighing 100g and 30g respectively were applied per stand. Plant population, nematodes population per 200-cm3 soil at planting and harvest, tuber galls, vine dry matter weight at harvest and yield were analyzed. Significantly, higher (P < 0.05) plant population was recorded at Wenchi compared to Atebubu in 2015. Control plots recorded significantly highest plant parasitic nematodes compared with the poultry manure and neem leaf treatments. Consistently, neem leaf amended plots recorded lowest population levels (67, 68 and 33) % and (84 and 84) % less Meloidogyne spp., P. brachyurus and H. multicintus and Meloidogyne spp., and P. brachyurus were extracted from neem leaf amended Santom pona plots compared with the control of Santom pona at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively. Poultry manure on Santom pona recorded the highest gall index, which was 78.8% more than observed on Santom pona treated with neem leaves. Neem leaf correlated positively with Apomuden and recorded the highest yield in 2014 at Atebubu, which was approximately 93% higher than the control of Santom pona, which yielded 0.9t/ha. The yield of neem leaf on Apomuden was significantly higher (35% and 41%) than neem leaf on Santom pona in 2014 and 2015 at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively.Conclusion and application of findings: Nematode management with synthetic products must be discouraged on grounds of mammalian toxicity and environmental degradation. The use of organic amendments should be encouraged for suppression of nematode population densities, improvement in yield and environmental friendliness. The latter option is sustainable and more importantly, tuber crops produced with organic amendments would be free from chemical residues.Keywords: Neem leaves, nematodes, poultry manure, sweet potato varieties
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet potato plant population was significantly higher at Wenchi than Atebubu in 2015.
- Taxon
- sweet potato
_Flower.jpg?width=60)
Ipomoea batatase1 - Outcome
- plant populatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in 2015e0
- Comparator
- Atebubue0
- Setting
- Wenchie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Flower.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“higher (P < 0.05) plant population was recorded at Wenchi compared to Atebubu in 2015”
e1“sweet potato production”
Claim · model-written summary
Control plots had significantly more plant parasitic nematodes than manure and neem treatments.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Treatment
- Control plotse0
- Interactor
- plant parasitic nematodese0pest
- Outcome
- plant parasitic nematodese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- poultry manure and neem leaf treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Control plots recorded significantly highest plant parasitic nematodes compared with the poultry manure and neem leaf treatments”
e1“sweet potato production”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem leaves lowered Meloidogyne spp. populations by 67% in Santom pona at Atebubu.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Santom ponae0
- Treatment
- neem leaf amendede0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee0pest - Outcome
- Meloidogyne spp.e0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 67e0
- Comparator
- control of Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Atebubue0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“lowest population levels (67, 68 and 33) % and (84 and 84) % less Meloidogyne spp., P. brachyurus and H. multicintus and Meloidogyne spp., and P. brachyurus were extracted from neem leaf amended Santom pona plots compared with the control of Santom pona at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem leaves lowered P. brachyurus populations by 68% at Atebubu.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Santom ponae0
- Treatment
- neem leaf amendede0
- Interactor
- P. brachyuruse0pest
- Outcome
- P. brachyuruse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 68e0
- Comparator
- control of Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Atebubue0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lowest population levels (67, 68 and 33) % and (84 and 84) % less Meloidogyne spp., P. brachyurus and H. multicintus and Meloidogyne spp., and P. brachyurus were extracted from neem leaf amended Santom pona plots compared with the control of Santom pona at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem leaves lowered H. multicintus populations by 33% at Atebubu.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Santom ponae0
- Treatment
- neem leaf amendede0
- Interactor
- H. multicintuse0pest
- Outcome
- H. multicintuse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 33e0
- Comparator
- control of Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Atebubue0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lowest population levels (67, 68 and 33) % and (84 and 84) % less Meloidogyne spp., P. brachyurus and H. multicintus and Meloidogyne spp., and P. brachyurus were extracted from neem leaf amended Santom pona plots compared with the control of Santom pona at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem leaves lowered Meloidogyne spp. populations by 84% at Wenchi.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Santom ponae0
- Treatment
- neem leaf amendede0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.Meloidogynee0pest
- Outcome
- Meloidogyne spp.e0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 84e0
- Comparator
- control of Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Wenchie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lowest population levels (67, 68 and 33) % and (84 and 84) % less Meloidogyne spp., P. brachyurus and H. multicintus and Meloidogyne spp., and P. brachyurus were extracted from neem leaf amended Santom pona plots compared with the control of Santom pona at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem leaves lowered P. brachyurus populations by 84% at Wenchi.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Santom ponae0
- Treatment
- neem leaf amendede0
- Interactor
- P. brachyuruse0pest
- Outcome
- P. brachyuruse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 84e0
- Comparator
- control of Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Wenchie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lowest population levels (67, 68 and 33) % and (84 and 84) % less Meloidogyne spp., P. brachyurus and H. multicintus and Meloidogyne spp., and P. brachyurus were extracted from neem leaf amended Santom pona plots compared with the control of Santom pona at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure gave Santom pona 78.8% more galling than neem leaves.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Santom ponae0
- Treatment
- Poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- gall indexe0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 78.8%e0
- Comparator
- neem leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Poultry manure on Santom pona recorded the highest gall index, which was 78.8% more than observed on Santom pona treated with neem leaves”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem-treated Apomuden yielded about 93% more than control Santom pona at Atebubu in 2014.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Apomudene0
- Treatment
- Neem leafe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 93%e0
- Qualifier
- 0.9t/hae0
- Comparator
- control of Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Atebubue0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neem leaf correlated positively with Apomuden and recorded the highest yield in 2014 at Atebubu, which was approximately 93% higher than the control of Santom pona, which yielded 0.9t/ha”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem-treated Apomuden yielded 35% more than neem-treated Santom pona at Atebubu in 2014.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Apomudene0
- Treatment
- neem leafe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 35%e0
- Comparator
- Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Atebubue0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield of neem leaf on Apomuden was significantly higher (35% and 41%) than neem leaf on Santom pona in 2014 and 2015 at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem-treated Apomuden yielded 41% more than neem-treated Santom pona at Wenchi in 2015.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Material
- Apomudene0
- Treatment
- neem leafe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Comparator
- Santom ponae0
- Setting
- Wenchie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield of neem leaf on Apomuden was significantly higher (35% and 41%) than neem leaf on Santom pona in 2014 and 2015 at Atebubu and Wenchi respectively”
e1“two sweet potato varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend organic amendments to suppress nematodes and improve yield.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Outcome
- use of organic amendments should be encouragede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of organic amendments should be encouraged for suppression of nematode population densities, improvement in yield and environmental friendliness”
e1“sweet potato production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors discourage synthetic nematode management because of mammalian toxicity and environmental degradation.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase1
- Outcome
- Nematode management with synthetic products must be discouragede0
- Qualifier
- mammalian toxicity and environmental degradatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nematode management with synthetic products must be discouraged on grounds of mammalian toxicity and environmental degradation”
e1“sweet potato production”
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