Abstract
During last few years, seedling blight and black lesions along culm of rice seedlings have been appearing frequently in nurseries. Identification of the causal organism was the objective of this research. The identification was done based on morpho-pathological characteristics and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequencing analysis. The pathogen effects on germination and development of rice seedlings were studied under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Based on the morphological examination, 10 isolates were identified as Cochliobolus carbonum fungus. This organism recorded different levels of pathogenicity, and most of the isolates showed high virulence, up to 56% as seedling infection with isolate ECC-5. The germination percentage was reduced to 73% for cultivar Sakha 101. Sakha 101 recorded highest infected seedlings percentage (44%) under artificial inoculation. The isolates’ reaction was more variable on seedlings than on leaves of Egyptian rice cultivars. Infection severity on leaves of isolate ECC-5 recorded highest average for infection, while isolate ECC-3 did not exhibit any infection. Most of C. carbonum isolates were induced severe infection on rice seedlings. Therefore, the identified isolates were recorded as a novel pathogen causing seedling blight disease on rice. Soaking in crude extract filtrate of C. carbonium isolates culture reduced germination percentage to 1.55% with Sakha101 and inhibit the shoots and roots growth. The molecular variation using ISJ markers reflected a high level of genetic variation between isolates. The ITS region sequencing of two isolates ECC-7 and ECC-9 was successfully analyzed, and alignment with 19 isolates of Bipolaris zeicola worldwide with 97% identity. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences resulted in a well-resolved phylogeny. The data suggested that ITS region analysis was a potential tool for phylogenetic reconstruction of the new isolates and as was DNA barcode for identification of the fungal species. It confirmed that this organism is a rice seed-borne pathogen that causes seedling blight disease.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Ten isolates were identified morphologically as Cochliobolus carbonum.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- Cochliobolus carbonum
Bipolaris zeicolae0pathogen - Outcome
- isolates were identified as Cochliobolus carbonum funguse0
- Value
- 10 isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on the morphological examination, 10 isolates were identified as Cochliobolus carbonum fungus.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Cochliobolus isolates varied in pathogenicity and most showed high virulence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- This organisme0pathogen
- Outcome
- different levels of pathogenicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This organism recorded different levels of pathogenicity, and most of the isolates showed high virulence, up to 56% as seedling infection with isolate ECC-5.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate ECC-5 caused up to 56% seedling infection.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- isolate ECC-5e0
- Outcome
- seedling infectione0
- Value
- 56%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most of the isolates showed high virulence, up to 56% as seedling infection with isolate ECC-5.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination in cultivar Sakha 101 was reduced to 73%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Sakha 101e0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 73%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The germination percentage was reduced to 73% for cultivar Sakha 101.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Sakha 101 had the highest infected seedling percentage, 44%, under artificial inoculation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Sakha 101e0
- Treatment
- artificial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- infected seedlings percentagee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 44%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sakha 101 recorded highest infected seedlings percentage (44%) under artificial inoculation.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate reactions varied more on rice seedlings than leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Outcome
- isolates’ reactione0
- Direction
- more variablee0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The isolates’ reaction was more variable on seedlings than on leaves of Egyptian rice cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
ECC-5 produced the highest average leaf infection severity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- isolate ECC-5e0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- Infection severity on leavese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Infection severity on leaves of isolate ECC-5 recorded highest average for infection, while isolate ECC-3 did not exhibit any infection.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
ECC-3 exhibited no leaf infection.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- isolate ECC-3e0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- did not exhibit any infectione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Infection severity on leaves of isolate ECC-5 recorded highest average for infection, while isolate ECC-3 did not exhibit any infection.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Most C. carbonum isolates caused severe infection in rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- C. carbonumBipolaris zeicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- severe infection on rice seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of C. carbonum isolates were induced severe infection on rice seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking in C. carbonium culture filtrate reduced Sakha101 germination to 1.55%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Sakha101e0
- Treatment
- Soaking in crude extract filtrate of C. carbonium isolates culturee0
- Interactor
- C. carboniume0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 1.55%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soaking in crude extract filtrate of C. carbonium isolates culture reduced germination percentage to 1.55% with Sakha101 and inhibit the shoots and roots growth.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
C. carbonium culture filtrate inhibited rice shoot and root growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Sakha101e0
- Treatment
- Soaking in crude extract filtrate of C. carbonium isolates culturee0
- Outcome
- shoots and roots growthe0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soaking in crude extract filtrate of C. carbonium isolates culture reduced germination percentage to 1.55% with Sakha101 and inhibit the shoots and roots growth.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
ISJ markers revealed high genetic variation among fungal isolates.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- high level of genetic variation between isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The molecular variation using ISJ markers reflected a high level of genetic variation between isolates.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
ITS sequences from ECC-7 and ECC-9 aligned with 19 Bipolaris zeicola isolates at 97% identity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- alignment with 19 isolates of Bipolaris zeicolae0
- Value
- 97% identitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ITS region sequencing of two isolates ECC-7 and ECC-9 was successfully analyzed, and alignment with 19 isolates of Bipolaris zeicola worldwide with 97% identity.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
ITS phylogenetic analysis produced a well-resolved phylogeny.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- well-resolved phylogenye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phylogenetic analyses of sequences resulted in a well-resolved phylogeny.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest ITS sequence analysis as a barcode for identifying the fungal isolates.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- DNA barcode for identification of the fungal speciese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The data suggested that ITS region analysis was a potential tool for phylogenetic reconstruction of the new isolates and as was DNA barcode for identification of the fungal species.”
t0“Rice Seedling Blight”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify the organism as a seed-borne rice pathogen causing seedling blight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- this organisme0pathogen
- Outcome
- rice seed-borne pathogen that causes seedling blight diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It confirmed that this organism is a rice seed-borne pathogen that causes seedling blight disease.”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 133 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
207 papers more in this group
See all 211 papers →application · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
38 papers in the same direction as this paper · 274 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
309 papers more in this group
See all 313 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.