Abstract
Fungal rot diseases of white yam (Discorea rotundata) tubers and cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) are the major post-harvest challenges in the availability of these root tubers. The use of biological extract of plants will prevent post-harvest losses without any negative health challenge. Microwave-assisted method of extraction was used for both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of neem samples. Fungal-rotted yam and fungal-rotted cocoyam samples were collected, and fungi from them were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA). The same medium was used for subculturing until pure fungal isolates were obtained. Pathogenicity tests were carried out on the yam and cocoyam tubers by inoculating with isolated fungi. The neem extracts were integrated into the PDA and their antifungal effects examined. From the yam, Aspergillus ochareus, Sclerotium rolfsii and Lasidiodiplodia theobromae were isolated, while Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus stolonifer were isolated from cocoyam samples. After 14 days of inoculation, isolated fungi were shown to be highly pathogenic except R. stolonifer and A. ochareus, which showed moderate pathogenicity. All the plant extracts showed antifungal activities at varied percentage mean zones of inhibition. The inhibition against fungal growth from the isolates of the rotted cocoyam gave mean inhibition between 39.53 ± 8.39% and 96.76 ± 1.60%. Except for ethanolic stem bark extract which gave 39.53 ± 8.39% limited zone of inhibition against A. niger growth, the rest of the extract exhibited good zones of inhibition against cocoyam-isolated fungi ranging between 72.87 ± 3.55 and 96.79 ± 1.60%. On fungal isolates from yam, the mean percentage zones of inhibition of all extracts of the neem plant parts showed more effectiveness than the positive control (Ketoconazole) against L. theobromae growth. Aqueous stem bark extract with 93.80 ± 1.78% zone of inhibition showed comparable effectiveness to the control (100% inhibition) against A. ochareus growth, while against S. rolfii growth, there was good inhibition by all the extracts though not to the extent as that of the control. The fungitoxic potential of these plant extracts on rot-inducing fungi of stored yam and cocoyam suggests that the above extracts used in this study can be put to use by farmers as alternative to commercial/synthetic fungicides.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Three fungi were isolated from rotted yam.
Verbatim
e0“From the yam, Aspergillus ochareus, Sclerotium rolfsii and Lasidiodiplodia theobromae were isolated”
Claim · model-written summary
Three fungi were isolated from rotted cocoyam.
- Taxon
- cocoyam
_Colocasia_esculenta_-_Les_Martels%2C_Giroussens_Tarn.jpg?width=60)
Colocasia esculentae0 - Interactor
- Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus nigere0pathogen - Outcome
- Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus stolonifer were isolatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Colocasia_esculenta_-_Les_Martels%2C_Giroussens_Tarn.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus stolonifer were isolated from cocoyam samples”
Claim · model-written summary
R. stolonifer showed moderate pathogenicity on tubers.
- Taxon
- cocoyamColocasia esculentat0
- Interactor
- R. stolonifer
Rhizopus stolonifere0pathogen - Outcome
- R. stolonifer and A. ochareus, which showed moderate pathogenicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolated fungi were shown to be highly pathogenic except R. stolonifer and A. ochareus, which showed moderate pathogenicity”
t0“cocoyam”
Claim · model-written summary
A. ochareus showed moderate pathogenicity on tubers.
Verbatim
e0“R. stolonifer and A. ochareus, which showed moderate pathogenicity”
t0“of yam and cocoyam”
Claim · model-written summary
All neem extracts showed varying antifungal activity.
Verbatim
e0“All the plant extracts showed antifungal activities at varied percentage mean zones of inhibition”
t0“yam and cocoyam”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of cocoyam rot isolates ranged from 39.53 ± 8.39% to 96.76 ± 1.60%.
- Taxon
- cocoyamColocasia esculentae0
- Outcome
- inhibition against fungal growth from the isolates of the rotted cocoyame0
- Value
- 39.53 ± 8.39% and 96.76 ± 1.60%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibition against fungal growth from the isolates of the rotted cocoyam gave mean inhibition between 39.53 ± 8.39% and 96.76 ± 1.60%”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic stem bark extract had 39.53 ± 8.39% inhibition against A. niger.
- Taxon
- cocoyamColocasia esculentat0
- Treatment
- ethanolic stem bark extracte0
- Interactor
- A. nigerAspergillus nigere0pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibition against A. niger growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 39.53 ± 8.39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethanolic stem bark extract which gave 39.53 ± 8.39% limited zone of inhibition against A. niger growth”
t0“cocoyam”
Claim · model-written summary
Other neem extracts inhibited cocoyam fungi by 72.87 ± 3.55 to 96.79 ± 1.60%.
- Taxon
- cocoyamColocasia esculentae0
- Treatment
- the rest of the extracte0
- Outcome
- zones of inhibition against cocoyam-isolated fungie0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 72.87 ± 3.55 and 96.79 ± 1.60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the rest of the extract exhibited good zones of inhibition against cocoyam-isolated fungi ranging between 72.87 ± 3.55 and 96.79 ± 1.60%”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem extracts inhibited L. theobromae more than ketoconazole.
Verbatim
e0“all extracts of the neem plant parts showed more effectiveness than the positive control (Ketoconazole) against L. theobromae growth”
t0“of yam and cocoyam”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous stem bark extract gave 93.80 ± 1.78% inhibition against A. ochareus, comparable with control.
Verbatim
e0“Aqueous stem bark extract with 93.80 ± 1.78% zone of inhibition showed comparable effectiveness to the control (100% inhibition) against A. ochareus growth”
t0“of yam and cocoyam”
Claim · model-written summary
All extracts inhibited S. rolfii, less than the control.
Verbatim
e0“against S. rolfii growth, there was good inhibition by all the extracts though not to the extent as that of the control”
t0“of yam and cocoyam”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest neem extracts as alternatives to synthetic fungicides for stored yam and cocoyam.
Verbatim
e0“the above extracts used in this study can be put to use by farmers as alternative to commercial/synthetic fungicides”
t0“yam and cocoyam”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · disease · Colocasia esculenta (taro)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →botanical · Aspergillus niger · Colocasia esculenta (taro)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
botanical · growth · DioscoreaResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
botanical · disease · DioscoreaResults agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.