Abstract
Although leaf spots have been reported to have a negative effect on yield and quality, the magnitude of the effect of leaf spots on grain yield and quality of wheat cultivars grown on dryland in southern Saskatchewan is not known.Experiments were conducted at Swift Current (Brown soil) and Indian Head (Black soil) for three years to determine effects of leaf spots on grain yield, kernel weight, test weight and protein concentration of wheat.Two fungicides, Folicur 3.6F and Bravo 500 were applied at different growth stages in order to diversify the severity of leaf spots.Three common wheat (T.aestivum L.) cultivars -AC Domain, Laura and AC Elsa and three durum wheat (T.turgidum L. var durum) cultivars with different levels of leaf spot susceptibility were used in this study.The control of leaf spots by fungicides often did not cause an increase of yield, kernel weight, test weight or grain protein concentration in the drier Prairies where yield potential is relatively low.Fungicide treatments significantly increased yield in only two of six location-years (Folicur applied at head emergence in 1997 (0.07-0.13 t ha -1 ) (P < 0.05) and Folicur applied at flag emergence and/or head emergence in 1998 (0.41-0.47 t ha -1 ) (P < 0.001) at Indian Head.Fungicide applications significantly increased kernel weight in only three of six location-years (applications at flag leaf emergence at Swift Current (0.8-1.1 mg) (P < 0.05) and Indian Head (1.8-2.0 mg) (P < 0.001) in 1998 and at Indian Head in 1999 (10-1.1 mg) (P < 0.01).An increase of grain protein concentration was only found in treatments of Bravo applications at Indian Head in 1998 (0.3-0.7%) (P < 0.001).It seems that the control of leaf spots tended to have higher effect on yield and quality at Indian Head than Swift Current, it could be attributed to better controls of leaf spots at early milk stage (P < 0.001) and/or higher yield potential at Indian Head (P < 0.001).Although the cultivars used in this study have different leaf spot susceptibility (P < 0.001), there were no consistent cultivar differences in the effectiveness of the fungicides on control of leaf spots and on the yield, kernel weight and other quality characteristics.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide control of leaf spots often did not increase wheat yield or grain quality in the drier Prairies.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- fungicidese0
- Outcome
- yield, kernel weight, test weight or grain protein concentratione0
- Direction
- did not cause an increasee0
- Setting
- drier Prairiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The control of leaf spots by fungicides often did not cause an increase of yield, kernel weight, test weight or grain protein concentration in the drier Prairies where yield potential is relatively low”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Folicur at head emergence increased yield at Indian Head in 1997 by 0.07-0.13 t ha -1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Folicur applied at head emergencee0
- Outcome
- yieldt0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.07-0.13 t ha -1e0
- Setting
- Indian Heade2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Folicur applied at head emergence in 1997 (0.07-0.13 t ha -1 ) (P < 0.05)”
t0“yield and quality of wheat in southern Saskatchewan”
e1“Fungicide treatments significantly increased yield in only two of six location-years”
e2“at Indian Head.Fungicide applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Folicur at flag and/or head emergence increased yield at Indian Head in 1998 by 0.41-0.47 t ha -1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Folicur applied at flag emergence and/or head emergencee0
- Outcome
- yieldt0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.41-0.47 t ha -1e0
- Setting
- Indian Heade0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Folicur applied at flag emergence and/or head emergence in 1998 (0.41-0.47 t ha -1 ) (P < 0.001) at Indian Head”
t0“yield and quality of wheat in southern Saskatchewan”
e1“Fungicide treatments significantly increased yield in only two of six location-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide applications increased kernel weight at Swift Current in 1998 by 0.8-1.1 mg.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- applications at flag leaf emergencee0
- Outcome
- kernel weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.8-1.1 mge0
- Setting
- Swift Currente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applications at flag leaf emergence at Swift Current (0.8-1.1 mg) (P < 0.05)”
t0“yield and quality of wheat in southern Saskatchewan”
e1“Fungicide applications significantly increased kernel weight in only three of six location-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide applications increased kernel weight at Indian Head in 1998 by 1.8-2.0 mg.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Fungicide applicationse1
- Outcome
- kernel weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 1.8-2.0 mge0
- Setting
- Indian Heade0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Indian Head (1.8-2.0 mg) (P < 0.001) in 1998”
t0“yield and quality of wheat in southern Saskatchewan”
e1“Fungicide applications significantly increased kernel weight in only three of six location-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide applications increased kernel weight at Indian Head in 1999 by the reported 10-1.1 mg.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Fungicide applicationse1
- Outcome
- kernel weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 10-1.1 mge0
- Setting
- Indian Heade0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at Indian Head in 1999 (10-1.1 mg) (P < 0.01)”
t0“yield and quality of wheat in southern Saskatchewan”
e1“Fungicide applications significantly increased kernel weight in only three of six location-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Bravo applications increased grain protein concentration at Indian Head in 1998 by 0.3-0.7%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Bravo applicationse0
- Outcome
- grain protein concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0.3-0.7%e0
- Setting
- Indian Heade0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase of grain protein concentration was only found in treatments of Bravo applications at Indian Head in 1998 (0.3-0.7%) (P < 0.001)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf spot control tended to have a higher effect on yield and quality at Indian Head than Swift Current.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- effect on yield and qualitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Swift Currente0
- Setting
- Indian Heade0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of leaf spots tended to have higher effect on yield and quality at Indian Head than Swift Current”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The cultivars differed in leaf spot susceptibility.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- leaf spot susceptibilitye0
- Direction
- differente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivars used in this study have different leaf spot susceptibility (P < 0.001)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars had no consistent differences in fungicide effectiveness for leaf spot control, yield, kernel weight, or other quality characteristics.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- effectiveness of the fungicides on control of leaf spots and on the yield, kernel weight and other quality characteristicse0
- Direction
- no consistent cultivar differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no consistent cultivar differences in the effectiveness of the fungicides on control of leaf spots and on the yield, kernel weight and other quality characteristics”
t0“wheat”
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