Abstract
The effect of bacterial antagonism against the causal agent, Colletotrichum truncatum was assessed as a potential alternative in managing anthracnose in chilli pepper. Out of 104 contrasting bacterial colonies isolated from rhizosphere soil of a forest floor, five isolates caused the radial growth inhibition greater than 90% (Significant at p < 0.05 level) of C. truncatum in dual cultures. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, these antagonistic bacterial isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia arboris, Burkholderia gladioli and Burkholderia rinojensis. The selected promising antagonists showed nearly 100% inhibition of the spore germination of C. truncatum in vitro. These antagonists produced antifungal compounds which are diffusible in nature. Microscopic studies of blackened fungal hyphae, which were subjected to antagonism showed many deformations such as thickening, swelling and malformation. In vivo study revealed that C. truncatum inoculated chilli pepper seeds treated with the five antagonists significantly inhibited the incidence of seed colonisation (p < 0.05) by the pathogen. At the post emergence stage, the survival percentages and vigour indices of all the antagonists’ treatments, except B. rinojensis strain 1, were significantly higher compared to the untreated control. The efficacy of the selected antagonists in managing anthracnose fruit rot was 100% at the colour breaking stage of chilli pepper fruits. These bacterial antagonists had a negative effect on C. truncatum spore attachment and subsequent colonisation on chilli pepper leaves except in the treatment of B. arboris. The results of in-vitro and in-vivo studies, suggest that the screened antagonistic bacterial isolates are potential biocontrol agents and need to be further studied for the biochemical basis of their activity against C. truncatum.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Five isolates inhibited C. truncatum radial growth by more than 90%.
- Taxon
- chilli peppert0
- Treatment
- five isolatese0
- Interactor
- C. truncatumColletotrichum truncatume0pathogen
- Outcome
- radial growth inhibitione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- greater than 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“five isolates caused the radial growth inhibition greater than 90% (Significant at p < 0.05 level) of C. truncatum in dual cultures”
t0“chilli pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected antagonists nearly completely inhibited C. truncatum spore germination in vitro.
- Taxon
- chilli peppert0
- Treatment
- selected promising antagonistse0
- Interactor
- C. truncatumColletotrichum truncatume0pathogen
- Outcome
- spore germination of C. truncatume0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- nearly 100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“selected promising antagonists showed nearly 100% inhibition of the spore germination of C. truncatum in vitro”
t0“chilli pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The antagonists produced diffusible antifungal compounds.
Verbatim
e0“These antagonists produced antifungal compounds which are diffusible in nature”
t0“chilli pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Antagonism deformed fungal hyphae.
- Taxon
- chilli peppert0
- Treatment
- antagonisme0
- Outcome
- deformations such as thickening, swelling and malformatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“blackened fungal hyphae, which were subjected to antagonism showed many deformations such as thickening, swelling and malformation”
t0“chilli pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Five antagonists significantly inhibited C. truncatum seed colonisation.
- Taxon
- chilli peppere0
- Treatment
- treated with the five antagonistse0
- Interactor
- C. truncatumColletotrichum truncatume0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of seed colonisatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“C. truncatum inoculated chilli pepper seeds treated with the five antagonists significantly inhibited the incidence of seed colonisation (p < 0.05) by the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Most antagonist treatments increased post emergence survival versus untreated control.
Verbatim
e0“survival percentages and vigour indices of all the antagonists’ treatments, except B. rinojensis strain 1, were significantly higher compared to the untreated control”
t0“chilli pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Most antagonist treatments increased post emergence vigour indices versus untreated control.
Verbatim
e0“survival percentages and vigour indices of all the antagonists’ treatments, except B. rinojensis strain 1, were significantly higher compared to the untreated control”
t0“chilli pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected antagonists had 100% efficacy against anthracnose fruit rot at colour breaking.
- Taxon
- chilli peppere0
- Organ / stage
- colour breaking stage of chilli pepper fruitse0
- Treatment
- selected antagonistse0
- Outcome
- anthracnose fruit rote0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“efficacy of the selected antagonists in managing anthracnose fruit rot was 100% at the colour breaking stage of chilli pepper fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Antagonists other than B. arboris reduced spore attachment and colonisation on leaves.
- Taxon
- chilli peppere0
- Organ / stage
- chilli pepper leavese0
- Treatment
- bacterial antagonistse0
- Interactor
- C. truncatumColletotrichum truncatume0pathogen
- Outcome
- C. truncatum spore attachment and subsequent colonisatione0
- Direction
- negative effecte0
- Qualifier
- except in the treatment of B. arborise0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“bacterial antagonists had a negative effect on C. truncatum spore attachment and subsequent colonisation on chilli pepper leaves except in the treatment of B. arboris”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.