Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to study the feasibility of using several dinitroaniline herbicides for the selective control of johnsongrass [ Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] from seed and rhizomes in soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Bragg’]. The herbicides were incorporated into the soil with two disk cultivations immediately after application. These were trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropyl- p -toluidine) at 0.6 to 2.2 kg/ha, nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropylaniline] at 0.6 to 2.2 kg/ha, dinitramine ( N 4 , N 4 -diethyl-α,α,α,-trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine) at 0.4 to 1.5 kg/ha, fluchloralin [N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline] at 0.6 to 2.2 kg/ha, profluralin [ N -(cyclopropyl-methyl)-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl- p -toluidine] at 0.8 to 3.4 kg/ha, butralin [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- N -(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] at 1.7 to 6.7 kg/ha, AC-92390 (N- sec -butyl-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine) at 0.8 to 3.4 kg/ha, and AN-56477 [ N,N -di(2-chloroethyl)-4-methyl-2,6-dinitroaniline] at 2.2 to 4.5 kg/ha. On Bosket sandy loam soil, the best average johnsongrass control over a 2-yr period was obtained following profluralin at 1.7 kg/ha and butralin at 3.4 kg/ha. These treatments also resulted in highest average soybean yields. On Sharkey clay soil, profluralin at 3.4 kg/ha and butralin at 6.7 kg/ha resulted in maximum johnsongrass control and soybean yields. Immediate incorporation of profluralin and butralin into both soils for 2 successive years effectively controlled johnsongrass from rhizomes without soybean injury and with greatly increased soybean yields. Trifluralin, nitralin, and fluchloralin also provided acceptable johnsongrass control within individual experiments, and greatly increased soybean yields.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Profluralin at 1.7 kg/ha gave best average johnsongrass control on Bosket sandy loam.
- Treatment
- profluralin at 1.7 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- johnsongrass
.jpg?width=60)
Sorghum halepensee0weed - Outcome
- johnsongrass controle0
- Direction
- beste0
- Setting
- Bosket sandy loam soile0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“On Bosket sandy loam soil, the best average johnsongrass control over a 2-yr period was obtained following profluralin at 1.7 kg/ha and butralin at 3.4 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Butralin at 3.4 kg/ha gave best average johnsongrass control on Bosket sandy loam.
- Treatment
- butralin at 3.4 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- johnsongrassSorghum halepensee0weed
- Outcome
- johnsongrass controle0
- Direction
- beste0
- Setting
- Bosket sandy loam soile0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On Bosket sandy loam soil, the best average johnsongrass control over a 2-yr period was obtained following profluralin at 1.7 kg/ha and butralin at 3.4 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
These treatments also yielded the highest average soybeans on Bosket soil.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- These treatmentse0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These treatments also resulted in highest average soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Profluralin at 3.4 kg/ha maximized johnsongrass control on Sharkey clay.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- profluralin at 3.4 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- johnsongrassSorghum halepensee0weed
- Outcome
- johnsongrass controle0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Setting
- Sharkey clay soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On Sharkey clay soil, profluralin at 3.4 kg/ha and butralin at 6.7 kg/ha resulted in maximum johnsongrass control and soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Butralin at 6.7 kg/ha maximized johnsongrass control on Sharkey clay.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- butralin at 6.7 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- johnsongrassSorghum halepensee0weed
- Outcome
- johnsongrass controle0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Setting
- Sharkey clay soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On Sharkey clay soil, profluralin at 3.4 kg/ha and butralin at 6.7 kg/ha resulted in maximum johnsongrass control and soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Profluralin and butralin maximized soybean yields on Sharkey clay.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- profluralin at 3.4 kg/ha and butralin at 6.7 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Setting
- Sharkey clay soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On Sharkey clay soil, profluralin at 3.4 kg/ha and butralin at 6.7 kg/ha resulted in maximum johnsongrass control and soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Immediate profluralin and butralin incorporation controlled rhizome johnsongrass without soybean injury.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Immediate incorporation of profluralin and butraline0
- Interactor
- johnsongrassSorghum halepensee0weed
- Outcome
- johnsongrass from rhizomese0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Immediate incorporation of profluralin and butralin into both soils for 2 successive years effectively controlled johnsongrass from rhizomes without soybean injury and with greatly increased soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Immediate profluralin and butralin incorporation greatly increased soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Immediate incorporation of profluralin and butraline0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Immediate incorporation of profluralin and butralin into both soils for 2 successive years effectively controlled johnsongrass from rhizomes without soybean injury and with greatly increased soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin, nitralin and fluchloralin gave acceptable johnsongrass control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Trifluralin, nitralin, and fluchloraline0
- Interactor
- johnsongrassSorghum halepensee0weed
- Outcome
- johnsongrass controle0
- Direction
- acceptablee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin, nitralin, and fluchloralin also provided acceptable johnsongrass control within individual experiments, and greatly increased soybean yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin, nitralin and fluchloralin greatly increased soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Trifluralin, nitralin, and fluchloraline0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trifluralin, nitralin, and fluchloralin also provided acceptable johnsongrass control within individual experiments, and greatly increased soybean yields”
The same questions in other papers
trifluralin · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →Fluchloralin · Sorghum halepense · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Nitralin · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Fluchloralin · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →trifluralin · Sorghum halepense · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Butralin · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Nitralin · Sorghum halepense · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.